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Relative Abundance of Pollinators, Foraging Activity of Bee Species and Yield Performance of Okra at Dhaka (bangladesh)

M. A. HASNAT
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

S. SARKAR
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

M. S. HOSSAIN
Department of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

I. F. CHOWDHURY
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

M. A. MATIN
Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), during kharif season of May, 2011 to September, 2011 with a view to find out the abundance of pollinators, foraging activity and yield of different varieties of okra in a Randomized Complete Block design with three replications where experimental treatments included four okra varieties (T₁ = Metal, T₂ = BARI Dherosh2, T₃ = Munmun45, T₄= Sarosh2). Major pollinators namely Apis cerana (hymenoptera), Papilio demolius (Lepidoptera), Desmocerus californicus dimorphus (coleoptera) and Ceria dimidiatipennis (dipteral) of insect orders were found during the flowering period. Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera were the major pollinators visiting okra flowers and peak of foraging activity during 9-11 am. Among the tested varieties, Munmun45 (T₃) was superior in case of yield performance by producing the highest number of fruits per plant (41) and 3 fruit yield (11.23 t ha^-1) while Sarosh2 (T₄) produced the lowest number of fruits per plant (29.33) resulted in lowest fruit 4 yield (6.8 t ha^-1).

Keywords: Forage, Okra, Pollinators, Pollination, Yield

Location: Experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-05-2011

End Date: 00-09-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Okra

Objectives:

To find out the abundance of pollinators, foraging activity and yield of different varieties of okra.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in medium fertile soil at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (90º33´ E longitude and 23º77´ N latitude), Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh during the period from May to September, 2011 in kharif season. The pH value of the soil was 5.60. Four okra varieties such as Metal, BARI Dherosh2, Munmun45 and Sarosh2 were used as the test crop, collected from Kushtia Seed Store , Dhaka . The experimentation was done in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. There were 12 treatment combinations. The plot size was 9 m². The distances between plot to plot, plant to plant were 50 and 40 × 55 cm, respectively. The experimental plots were fertilized with 220, 65, 220, 20, 10, 5 kg ha^-1urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MOP), gypsum, zinc sulphate and boron, respectively. TSP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boron were given as basal during final land preparation. Split application of urea and MoP were done at 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing. In each period, observations were made for ten minutes. Pollinators were collected by taking twenty sweeps per plot. Then the collected insects were killed using a killing bottle and transferred immediately to the laboratory for identification. Data regarding pollinators representing different insect orders were collected carefully. For controlling shoot and fruit borer before fruit setting Diazinone 60 EC @ 3.5 ml L^-1 water in thrice was sprayed in an interval of 10 days started soon after the appearance of infestation. After fruit setting Nogos @ 0.02% was sprayed four times in an interval of 7 days for controlling Jassid. Randomly ten plants from each plot were selected for recording yield data. The yield and yield contributing characters were considered in this study were days to first flowering, fruit length (cm), number of fruits plant^-1, yield of green fruits (t ha^-1). The data collected on different parameters were statistically analyzed using the Mstat-C software to find out the significance of variation resulting from the experimental treatments. The mean values for all the treatments were calculated and the analysis of variance for most of the characters was accomplished by ‘F’variance test. The significance of difference between pair of means was tested at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Journal Crop and Weed, 11(2): 34-37, (2015)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that Insects from both Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera orders are the primary types of pollinators of okra and peak time for foraging activity done by Hymenoptera order insects at 9-11 am and lowest during 3-5 pm.

Knowledge Management: Journal