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Effects of Different Levels of Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Protein Content of Wheat

S. M. A. Hossain
CMES, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh

A. M. A. Kamal
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

M. R. Islam
Department of Soil Sciences, Bangladesh Agriculture University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. A. Mannan
Depatment of Agronomy, Patuakhali Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was undertaken to study the effect of different levels of chemical and organic fertilizers on the growth, Yield and protein content of two wheat varieties. Two varieties of wheat were tested, Aghrani and Kanchan with five levels of chemical and organic fertilizers viz. F₁ (control), F₂, F₃, F₄ and F₅. Urea was applied in 2 splits in F₁ and in 3 splits in F₂ to F₄. as per recommendation. In F₅. it was applied in 4 equal splits. In F₁ inorganic fertilizers were applied @ 100 kg N, 36 kg P, 25 kg and 20 kg S/ha. In F₂ to F₅, fertilizers were applied @ 120 kg N, 27 kg P, 83 kg K. 30 kg S and 4 kg Zn/ha Grain yield and protein content was higher in Kanchan than Aghrani variety. Among the different levels of fertilizer application, F₅ had superior performance on all the parameters, whereas, F₁ had the most inferior effect on all the parameters Including grain and straw yields. The yield, yield contributing characters and protein content of wheat increased with increase in the levels inorganic fertilizers, addition of composts with fertilizers and also by increasing split application of nitrogen.

Keywords: Wheat, Fertilizer, Manure, Wheat, Grain yield, Protein

Location: Agronomy field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1995

End Date: 00-00-1996

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To study the yield performance and protein contents of two wheat varieties with inorganic fertilizers alone and in combination with organic fertilizer with increasing split application of nitrogen.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during winter season of 1995-96. The farm was situated at 24.75° N latitude, 90.5° E longitude having sub-tropical climatic characteristics. The soil of the experimental field belongs to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain agro-ecological zone characterized by non-calcareous dark gray soil. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with assigning the varieties in the main plots and fertilizer treatments in subplots. The two varieties were Aghrani and Kanchan. The fertilizer treatments used were: F₁ (recommended inorganic fertilizers (control), F₂ (inorganic fertilizers for high yield), F₃ (inorganic fertilizers for high yield + compost 5 t /ha), F₄(inorganic fertilizers for high yield + compost 10 t/ha) and F₅(inorganic fertilizers for high yield, with increased N splits + compost 10 t/ha). In F₁ inorganic fertilizers were applied as per BARI recommendation which were 100 kg N, 36 kg P. 25 kg K and 20 kg S/ha. In F₂ to F₅, inorganic fertilizers were applied as per BARC recommendations for high yield which were 120 kg N, 27 kg P, 83 kg K, 30kg S and 4 kg Zn/ha. The source of N, P, K, S and Zn was urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc oxide, respectively. During final land preparation of individual plots, all inorganic fertilizers, except urea and compost were applied as basal as per requirement of the treatments. In F₁ urea was applied in 2- splits- two third as basal and one- third after 27 days of sowing. In F₂ to F₄, urea was applied in 3 equal splits as basal, after 27 and 55 days of sowing,. In F₅, urea was applied in 4 equal splits as basal, after 27, 55 and 75 days of sowing to influence grain filling and grain protein content. After land preparation, furrows were made 20 cm apart for sowing seeds. Seeds were drilled by hand in furrows on 18 December 1995 @ 120 kg/ha and then the furrows were covered with soil. The crop was adequately protected from weeds, diseases and insects pests. The data were taken plot wise at maturity of the crop the data included plant height, number of tillers per plant, length of ear, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per spikelets, number of grains per ear and weight of 1000 grains. Grain and straw yields were recorded after drying the grain and straw of individual plot. Protein content of grain and straw was determined by following the methods as outlined by AOAC. All collected data were statistically analyzed following the principle of F test and the significance of mean differences was adjudged by the least significant difference (LSD) test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Journal of Biological Sciences 2 (5): 304-306, 2002, ISSN 1608-4127

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the different levels of fertilizer application, F₅ had superior performance on all the parameters, whereas, F₁ had the most inferior effect on all the parameters Including grain and straw yields. The yield, yield contributing characters and protein content of wheat increased with increase in the levels inorganic fertilizers, addition of composts with fertilizers and also by increasing split application of nitrogen.

Knowledge Management: Journal