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Effect of Population Density on Growth and Productivity of Sesame (sesamum Indicum L)

M. Aminur Roshid
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh M'-Yibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh..

Qazi A. Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh M'-Yibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. Moynul Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh M'-Yibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abdul Hamid
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh M'-Yibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Shafayer A. Siddiqui
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh M'-Yibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur from March to June, 1997 to evaluate the population density effects on growth and productivity of sesame var. T-6. The levels of population density were: 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 plants m^-2. The highest population density of 60 plants m^-2 produced the tallest plants and the highest amount of total dry matter (TDM) per unit land area. Increasing population density increased the leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR). Irrespective of population density, the LAI and CGR were higher during rapid reproductive development. Population density showed no prominent effects on relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR). Regardless of treatments. the RGR and NAR showed an ontogenetic downward drift with crop age. Increasing population density decreased the number of capsule per plant. number of seeds per capsule. seed size and seed/capsule wall ratio. The population density of 40 plants m^-2 gave the highest seed yield (1237 kg ha^-1) and harvest index (HI) of 0.35 in sesame crop.

Keywords: Sesame, Growth, Productivity

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-03-1997

End Date: 00-06-1997

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of population density on growth and productivity of sesame.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, from March to June, 1997. The soil was silty clay loam with pH 6.7 under Salna series of Madhupur red soil tract. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 3 m x 3 m. The levels of population density were: 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 plants m^-2 At the time of final land preparation 10 t cowdung ha^-1 was applied. Fertilizers were at the rate of 80-65-60-20 kg N, P₂0₅, K₂0 and S ha^-1 in the form of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum respectively. Half of the amount of urea and full dosages of other fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation and the remaining half of the urea was topdressed during flower initiation. Seeds of sesame Var. T-6 were sown in lines on March 11, 1997. After emergence the crop was thinned to maintain the five levels of population density. Intercultural operation and plant protection measures were taken whenever needed. At 10-day intervals, plants were sampled from 1 linear meter from each plot. Plant height was measured from ten plants in each sample. Leaf area was measured with an automatic leaf area meter. The plant materials were dried at 70^oc for 72 h and weighed. On the basis of leaf area and dry weight the LAI, CGR, RGR and NAR were computed. At maturity, 10 plants were harvested from each plot to record the data on plant height, number of branches per plant and yield contributing characters. Seed yield was recorded from an area of 4 m^-2 avoiding border. Data on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance and the treatment means were compared by least significant difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 26(1): 59-66, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From this study it can be concluded that for the optimum growth and productivity, the optimum population density of sesame under Bangladesh condition might be 40 plants m^-2.

Knowledge Management: Journal