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Disease Severity and Mycoflora Associated with Anthracnose on Leaves of Five Angiosperms

Shamim Shamsi
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Najmun Naher
Department of Botany, Life and Earth Science Group, National University, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Severe anthracnose symptom was recorded on the leaves of five angiosperms during September to November, 2010. In total nine species of fungi belonging to four genera of the class deuteromycetes and a sterile fungus were found to be associated with the infected leaves of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Datura metel L., Gossypium hirsutum L. and Vigna sinensis L. The associated fungi were Aspergillus flvaus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. nidulans (Eidam) G. Winter, A. niger van Tiegh, Cercospora sp., Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler & Bisby, Colletotrichum dematium (Pers.) Grove, Colletotricum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc., Curvularia clavata Jain, and a sterile fungus.

Keywords: Mycoflora, Anthracnose, Leaves, Five angiosperm

Location: Botanical Garden of Curzon Hall Campus, Dhaka University and vegetable gardens near Mohakhali and Sobhanbag of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2010

End Date: 00-12-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

Objective of the study was to record the disease severity, pathogen and other associated fungi with anthracnose symptom of five angiosperms those were severely affected in the year of 2010 in some vegetable gardens of the Dhaka city.

Methodology:

Disease severity (DS) of anthracnose of leaf of five angiospermic plants viz. Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Okra), Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (Pumpkin), Datura metel L. (Datura), Gossypium hirsutum L. (American cotton) and Vigna sinensis L. (Cowpea) was recorded following the scale stated by Ghos et al. (2009). These plants were grown at Botanical Garden of Curzon Hall Campus, Dhaka University and vegetable gardens near Mohakhali and Sobhanbag of Dhaka city during the month of January to December, 2010. For visual estimation of disease severity, 0 - 9 point scale was used for rating all foliar disease studied (Ghos et. al. 2009). The associated fungi were isolated from symptomatic leaves following “Tissue Planting” method on PDA medium except Cercospora sp. was isolated following “Blotter” method. Fifty plants were selected (ten from each angiosperm) randomly and 25 leaves from each plant were examined in each month. Percentage of frequency of the occurrence of the fungal isolates was calculated following Spurr and Welty (1972): % frequency = (No. of inocula from which a fungal isolate was obtained)/(No. of inocula cultured) x 100. The isolated fungi were purified following serial dilution technique and identified on the basis of morphological characteristics recorded under a compound microscope using standard key books. Pathogenicity of the isolated fungi was tested following modified detached leaf assay technique (Azad and Shamsi 2011 and Shamsi et al. 2013).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(2): 103-111, 2015 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/BJSR/article/download/26781/17902

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Present results indicate that percent frequency of association of anthracnose pathogen C. capsici was the highest (60) in V. sinensis followed by 41.66 and 33.33 in D. metel and C. maxima, respectively. Percent frequency of association of the fungus was the lowest 13.33 in A. esculentus. Percent frequency of association C. dematium was 30 in G. hirsutum. Percent frequency of association of C. gloeosporioides was the highest (60) in C. maxima followed by 41.66, 40.00 and 20.00 in D. metel, V. Sinensis and cotton, respectively. Percent frequency of association of the fungus was the lowest 6.66 in A. esculentus.

Knowledge Management: Journal