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Stem Reserves Utilization During Grain Filling in Modern and Old Rice Cultivars of Different Maturity Groups

D.A. Choudhury
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur.

A. Hamid
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur - 1703, Bangladesh.

M.G. Miah
Department of Agroforestry and Environment,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur - 1703, Bangladesh.

M. M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur - 1703, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Dry matter accumulation in stem and its utilization towards grain of fifteen modern and eighty four old cultivars of rice were studied. The cultivars were collected from different ecological regions of Bangladesh and grown in the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during aman season of 1994. Rice cultivars were grouped according to their maturity period as very early, early, medium, late and very late. Dry matter accumulation were more in old cultivars but translocation to grain was higher in modern cultivars of rice. The amount of stem reserves translocated towards grain was 43.3% in modern and 24.3% in old cultivars of rice. Considering maturity group, late maturing cultivars superseded the early maturing cultuvars in dry matter accumulation but it was reversed in contribution to grain. The extent of dry matter translocation varied widely across the cultivars groups. Utilization of stem reserves was 43.5% in early maturity while the corresponding value for late maturity cultivars was only 22.6%. However, very late maturing cultivars contributed higher stem reserves than the medium maturity group of rice cultivars.

Keywords: Stem reserves, Utilization, Rice cultivars, Maturity groups.

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1994

End Date: 00-00-1994

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To examine the utilization of preanthesis stem reserves during grain filling in modern and old cultivars of rice in relation to maturity group.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during the aman season of 1994. The soil was silty clay under Salna series. Ninety nine rice cultivars were used in the experiment. Fifteen of them were modern and remaining eighty four were old cultivars. Seeds of these cultivars were collected from different ecological regions of Bangladesh. Among the modern varieties Sharna (Chuadanga) and "76" (Khulna) might be of Indian origin. Chua thai and Chua-en were collected from Cox's bazar believed be of Myanmar origin. Jharapajam Ukhia and Jharapajam Teknaf also considered as modern variety. Six varieties KK 1, KK 2, KK 4, KK 7, KK 8 and KK 11 were collected from Thailand. Noyapajam, BR 11 and BR 22 are recommended varieties of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Considering the time of flowering and maturity, the cultivars were classified into five maturity groups. Twelve cultivars registered as very early (<100 days), 10 early (100-120 days), 22 intermediate (121-140 days), 45 late (141-160 days) and 10 very late (> 160 days). The experiment was laid out randomized complete block design wim three replications. A fertilizer dose of 50-45-35-12 kg ha^-1 of N P K and S was applied for modem varieties and half of this dose was applied for old cultivars. A 25 days old seedlings were transplanted on mid-July, 1994. All intercultural operations and pest control measures were taken as and when needed. Plants were sampled once at anthesis and again at maturity. During each sampling plants parts were separated into leaf sheath, leaf blade, stem and panicle and oven dried at 70⁰C for 72 hours. Contribution of preanthesis stem dry matter to grain was estimated by deducting the stem mass at anthesis to stem mass at maturity. Statistical analysis of data are difficult because of a very large number of varieties arranged in a randomized complete block design. So the results were discussed on the basis of averaged data over the cultivars and maturity group of rice.

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. 9(2): 113-1 19, 1999

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Dry matter accumulation were more in old cultivars but translocation to grain was higher in modern cultivars of rice. The amount of stem reserves translocated towards grain was 43.3% in modern and 24.3% in old cultivars of rice. Considering maturity group, late maturing cultivars superseded the early maturing cultivars in dry matter accumulation but it was reversed in contribution to grain. The extent of dry matter translocation varied widely across the cultivars groups. Utilization of stem reserves was 43.5% in early maturity while the corresponding value for late maturity cultivars was only 22.6%. However, very late maturing cultivars contributed higher stem reserves than the medium maturity group of rice cultivars.

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