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Influence of Irrigation and Phosphorus Levels on Dry Matter Partitioning, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake in Chickpea

M. Yusuf Ali
On-farm Research Division, BARI, Gazipur.

C. Johansen
Flat 2-B Palmdale, Rd. No. 104, Gulshan- 2, Dhaka-1212.

A. Hamid
Deptt. of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Influence of irrigation and phosphorus (P) levels were studied in a field experiment at High Barind Tract during 1999-2000. Irrigation promoted vegetable growth, but not the seed yield, while non-irrigation and applied P facilitated enhanced dry matter partitioning to seed. The highest grain yield was obtained from non-irrigated treatment at P₆₀ level. For biological yield, differences between irrigated and non-irrigated treatments were not observed irrespective of P level. All the non-irrigated treatments had markedly higher harvest index over irrigated treatments. Applied P resulted in higher NP uptake and highest NP uptake were observed at P₆₀ level under non-irrigated condition.

Keywords: Chickpea, Irrigation, Fertilizer

Location: Chabbisnagar of Godagari Thana under High Barind Tract (HBT) in northwestern Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of irrigation and applied phosphorus on the dry matter partitioning and NP uptake of chickpea.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at Chabbisnagar of Godagari Thana under High Barind Tract (HBT) in northwestern Bangladesh. The region is characterized by low rainfall (1363 ± 311 mm). The soil (Aerie Haplaquept) of High Barind Tract (HBT) has a low organic matter content, a thick plowpan at 9-15 cm below the surface and poor internal drainage. The available soil moisture in the rabi season ranges from 150-197 mm per m of soil depth. The soils of the experimental plots had 0.28% organic carbon, 7 ppm Olsen P (Total P 138 ppm), 3.6 ppm NO₃ N, 17.0 ppm NH₄-N and 9.8 CEC (meq/100 g soil), having 6.95 pH.

The crop (Annigeri) was grown in a randomized complete block design having eight treatments and three replications. The treatment combinations were; P_o x I, P_o x NI, P₂₀ x 1, P₂₀ x NI, P₄₀ x I, P₄₀ x NI, P₆₀ x I and P₆₀ x NI, where P suffix indicates P in kg/ha and I for irrigation and NI for non- irrigation. The unit plot size was 4 x 5 m². The seeds were sown on I November 1999. Two to three primed seeds were hand sown 10 ern apart in each furrow at S ern depth, with 30 cm row spacing. After 10 days of sowing, more than one plant per hole was thinned to one for maintaining the desired population of 330, 000 plants/ha. There was 71mm rainfall during crop growing period. The average maximum and minimum air temperature during crop growing period were 25.9°C and 15.5^oC, respectively. The crop field was kept weed free by hand weeding and pod-borer (Helicoverpa armigera) free by spraying of pesticides (at 80, 95, and 110 days after sowing, Dimecron 100 EC@S-7 ml/12 liter water), and by hand picking of larvae. One irrigation was provided for irrigated treatments at 44 DAS (34 mm) to saturate the profile. The source of applied P was triple superphosphate. The seeds were placed in furrow which were made by a hand drawn iron tine after final land preparation (two ploughings at a depth of 10-12 cm by Chinese power tiller, and subsequently two ladderings). All other common fertilizers were broadcast on the soil surface after the two ploughings at the rate of 20 kg N/ha as urea, 40 kg K/ha as muriate of potash, 10 kg S/ha as gypsum, 3 kg Zn/ha as zinc sulphate, and 1 kg B/ha as boric acid. The crop was harvested at 126 DAS for non-irrigated plots, and 134 DAS for irrigated plots. Yield attributes were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants for each plot, while grain and biomass yields were measured from 2 x 3 m² sampling area. Plant samples (leaf, stem and pod) were collected at pod- filling stage for chemical analysis of N and P. Roots were excavated following monolith method and root dry weight was recorded after oven drying at 80° C for 72 hours.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 29(4) : 571-579, December 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Compared to P uptake of the previous HBT experiment, P uptake of the present study was 4-5 times more. The present results indicate that P response is related to biomass and grain yield levels. At lower yield level (grain biological yield), P response could not be obtained.

Knowledge Management: Journal