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Effect of Polyculture on the Diversity and Equitability of Arthropod Community

M. A. Uddin
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

R. Kundu
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

M. Z. Alam
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

M. M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh from November 2000 to March 2001 to determine the diversity index and equitability of arthropod/ insect community under different cropping systems. The results indicated that polycultures generally had a greater diversity index and higher equitability of arthropod/insect community. Richness of taxonomic categories was lower in polyculture systems compared to the combination of their component sole crops. A combination of pitfall trap and sweeping net methods for the whole crop growth period revealed a highly significant positive relationship between richness (x) and diversity index (y), but a negative relationship between richness (x) and equitability (y).

Keywords: Polyculturc, Diversity, Equitability, Richness, Insect, Arthropod.

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-03-2001

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

To determine the diversity index and equitability of the arthropod/insect community and the relationship between richness of a taxonomic category with diversity index and eqitability in different cropping systems.

Methodology:

The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with 3 (three) replications and 7 (seven) treatments. The unit plot size was 5 m x 5.6 m. The distance between plots and replications 1.5 m and 2 m respectively. Combinations of wheat (cv. Kanchan), chickpea (cv. BARI Chola-5) and potato (cv. Diamond) constituted the treatments in polyculture systems. The polyculture systems were wheat + chickpea, wheat + potato, chickpea + potato and wheat + chickpea + potato. Besides these, sole cropping of each component crop was also considered as treatments in the experimental design. Row to row distance of each crop was 30 em and plant to plant distance within a row of wheat, chickpea and potato were 5 cm, 10 cm and 25 cm, respectively. In case of double and triple crop combinations, seeds were sown in every alternate and two alternate rows, respectively. The crops were grown in the experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh, during the crop season November 2000 to March 2001.

The simplest measure of species diversity is to count the number of species. The concept was extended to order and family level. It was performed by using pit fall trap and sweeping net. Data were collected at early, mid and late stages of crops after 30, 60 and 80 days of sowing, respectively. To reduce the effects of treatments among the adjacent plots, data were collected from the central rows avoiding the two border rows. Small sized plastic pots having 6 cm diam and 8 cm deep were used as pit fall trap at early, mid and late stages of crops. Traps filled up with water and added with a few drops of Nogos (insecticide) were placed inside the soil in each plot following the standard procedure. After 48 hours of setting the traps, trapped specimens were collected from each plot and kept separately by treatment and replication. Five times return sweeping was done in each plot by a sweeping net at mid and late stages of crop growth. Samples collected from each plot were kept separately. The collected samples were taken to the laboratory and counted after the families and orders were identified. Identification was done by using taxonomic key and identified specimens kept in the museum of the laboratory.

Source of Information: Bangladesh j. entomol. (2002) 12 (1 & 2), 85-94, (ISSN 1021-1004 )

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results indicated that polycultures generally had a greater diversity index and higher equitability of arthropod/insect community. Richness of taxonomic categories was lower in polyculture systems compared to the combination of their component sole crops. A combination of pitfall trap and sweeping net methods for the whole crop growth period revealed a highly significant positive relationship between richness (x) and diversity index (y), but a negative relationship between richness (x) and equitability (y).

Knowledge Management: Journal