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Necessity of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus for Cage Culture of Mrigel (cirrhinus Cirrhosus) in Pond

M. A. Hossain
Department of Fisheries, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to know the necessity of dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) for mrigel (Cirrhinus cirrhosus) in pond environment. Triplicate groups of fish cultured in cages in pond environment were fed with 4 experimental diets such as diet 1 without Ca and P supplementation; diet 2 with only Ca supplementation; diet 3 with only P supplementation and diet 4 with both Ca and P supplementation. After 12 weeks of culture, the growth of fish was found minimum on diet 1 while it was maximum on diet 3 and diet 4. Supplementation of Ca in diet 2 could not improve the growth. However, dietary Ca and P supplementation did not affect the chemical composition of fish body. The results indicated that a Ca supplementation to diet for mrigel fish may not be necessary, while a dietary P supplementation is indispensable for this species in pond environment.

Keywords: Calcium, Phosphorus, Dietary supplement, Pond environment

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Campus, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To know the necessity of dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) for mrigel (Cirrhinus cirrhosus) in pond environment.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in cages, placed in a pond of about 80 dec size at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Campus, Gazipur. The cages were made of bamboo stick, covered with a net and the size of the cage was 1m³ (1 m x 1 m x 1 m). A top net was used to minimize escapes. For formulation of experimental diets, different feed ingredients such as fish meal, sesame oil cake, mustard oil cake, rice bran, vitamin premix and wheat flour were collected from local market. Four experimental diets to be as iso-enerqetic as possible were formulated with different ingredients. Diet 1 was without Ca and P supplements. Diets 2-4 were supplied with only Ca, only P and both Ca and P, respectively. In order to prepare diets, all the dietary ingredients were finely ground and sieved to pass through 0.5 mm mesh. Diets were prepared using a pelleting machine. The resultant pellets were then sun-dried for two days and preserve separately in air-tight polythene bags in a deep freezer for further use. The diets were supplied with a Ca and P free vitamin-mineral premix. Proximate composition of the diets showing different components including around 30% protein are presented. The fry of mrigel fish (Cirrhinus cirrhosus) of average weight 2.2 g were collected from a commercial nursery farm. The fry were given a prophylactic treatment with potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) solution before releasing in the cages. In each cage 40 of those treated fry were released. Each cage was considered as a group of fish. Each such group was supplied with one of 4 diets. This was replicated three times. Care was taken for proper maintenance of cages, such as- cleaning of aquatic weeds nearby, cleaning of waste feeds from cages, cleaning of deposited silts from cage, removal of dead fishes, checking cage frames, floats, ties, anchors, feeding trays etc., as and when needed, cage shifting considering the water level, checking water pollution and guarding, and cleaning of algal attachment regularly. The water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were monitored weekly throughout the experimental period. Data were taken at the pond site in the morning between 9.30 to 10.30 am. At the beginning of the experiment, fifteen (15) fishes from the stock were sacrificed and preserved for proximate composition analysis. This is considered as initial carcass composition of fish. At the end of the experiment five fishes from each replicate were sacrificed and preserved for final carcass composition analysis. The proximate composition of experimental diets and fish were analyzed according to the methods given in Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The mineral composition of experimental fish was analyzed according to the method. MSTAT package program applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effect of different diets on the growth and chemical composition of fish. This was followed by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test to make a comparison of treatment variation at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: J. Agric. & Env. Sci. 1:49-55, 2010, ISSN 2218-4392

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Achievement/Findings:

The FCR values in the present study were low in fish fed on diets with P or with both Ca and P. However, FCR was higher in fish feed diet with Ca supplement or with both Ca and P supplement. These results indicate that dietary P is also necessary for better feed performance in mrigel. Variation in dietary treatment did not affect the whole body chemical composition of fish. Therefore, from the growth and feed utilization data it is evident that dietary P is necessary for mrigel while Ca may be dispensable. Further study is necessary to quantify the dietary P requirement level in mrigel.

Knowledge Management: Journal