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Yield and Quality of Potato as Affected by Arsenic Levels

M.A. Hussain
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

T.S. Roy
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

S.A. Shapla
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

M.O. Ali
PROSHIKA, Bangladeh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November 2011 to February 2012, to find out the effect of five different arsenic levels on yield and quality of four potato varieties. Among the 5 As levels, 10 mg As kg^-1 soil exhibited the positive performance for all yield contributing characters except tuber number and quality contributing characters. Yield contributing parameters increased up to application of 10 mg As kg^-1 soil and thereafter decreased with increasing As levels. Marketable yield (>20 g) decreased with increasing As levels while As accumulation increased with increasing As levels irrespective of varieties. Among 4 varieties, Diamant showed the best As tolerance, whereas least in Granola. The maximum tuber yield plant^-1 (438 g) was obtained by Diamant with the application of 10 mg As kg^-1 soil and the maximum marketable yield (93.14 %) was also produced by Diamant with control and the lowest from Granola (88.86 %) variety with 40 mg As kg^-1 soil. The maximum As accumulation (0.22 mg kg^-1) was found in Granola at 40 mg As kg^-1 soil whereas the minimum (0.05 mg kg^-1) was in Diamant with 10 mg As kg^-1 soil except control, which is less than critical level (0.15 mg kg-1) for human body. On the basis of yield and As tolerance the variety Diamant was superior than those of other varieties.

Keywords: Potato, Arsenic, Yield and Quality

Location: Agronomy research field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-11-2011

End Date: 00-02-2012

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To find out the effect of five different arsenic levels on yield and quality of potato varieties.

Methodology:

Pot experiment was conducted in natural conditions and the duration of the experiment was November, 2011 to February, 2012. All the pots were filled with similar soil. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental area was situated at 23^o77' N latitude and 90^o33' E longitude at an altitude of 8.6 meter above the sea level. Four potato variety were used (V₁) Cardinal, (V₂) Diamant, (V₃) Asterix and (V₄) Granola] as crop material. Different concentration levels [(As₀) 0 mg As kg^-1 soil, (As₁) 10 mg As kg^-1 soil, (As₂) 20 mg As kg^-1 soil, (As₃) 30 mg As kg^-1 soil and (As₄) 40 mg As kg^-1 soil] of As were taken as the treatments of the study. Soil Arsenic treatment: For the Arsenic treatment of soil, sodium meta-arsenate (Na₂HAsO₄.7H₂O) was used as the source of Arsenic. Arsenic application was done by adding 0 mg kg^-1 soil, 10 mg kg^-1 soil, 20 mg kg^-1 soil, 30 mg kg^-1soil and 40 mg kg^-1 soil Arsenate into soil of pot according to treatment. Chemical analysis: After harvesting, samples are collected and dried. Tubers were washed and peeled with a mechanical peeler to obtain uniformity in thickness (2 mm) of the peel. The dried sample become smash by mortar and pastel machine. Then chemical analysis was done to find out the uptake amount. This analysis was done in Bangladesh Council of Scientific Research Institute (BCSRI) at science laboratory. Chemical analysis of arsenic used Atomic Absorption Spectrometer where use argon for carrier gas and arsenic was melted by 925ºC. This analysis was approved by ISO organization. Collected data were statistically analyzed to find out the level of significance using MSTAT-C computer package programme. The mean difference were assessed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Sci. Agri. 8 (2): 60-65, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As positively influenced the yield of potato up to 10 mg As kg^-1 soil (As₁) but finally decreased with increasing As levels in soil. As accumulation increased with the increasing As levels. It was also observed that Diamant (V₂) variety accumulated lesser amount of arsenic in their edible parts than other variety did, which was less than critical level (0.15 mg kg^-1) for human body and had also a higher yielding capacity. So, Diamant (V₂) variety with As concentration up to 10 mg As kg^-1 soil (As₁) is not harmful for growth and yield of potato and showed to be drastically affected by increased As concentration treatment.

Knowledge Management: Journal