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Management of Seed Borne Fungal Pathogens of Okra Collected from Seed Companies

G. M. Kibria Hossain
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

S. M. Ahsan
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.

Tanjila Ahmed
Department of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of mehogoni, mehedi and allamanda extracts were tested to control seed borne fungi of okra seeds collected from 6 companies of notunbazar in Mymensingh district. Prevalence of seed borne fungi was studied by blotter method in the Seed Pathology Center (SPC) and MS Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The highest germination percentage was recorded from ACI seeds (88%), while lowest (70%) in BADC seeds. Six predominant fungal genera were identified. These species were Fusarium oxysporum (5.08%), Aspergillus flavus (4.50%), Aspergillus niger (6.50%), Colletotrichum dematium (4.67%), Rhizopus stolonifer (3.33%) and Penicillium spp. (3.00%). Germination percentage and fungal association varied from company to company. The germination was ranged from 70-95% and infections were recorded 0.80-6.1% in all the treated seeds. Mehogoni extracts at the rate of 1:1 showed best performance in increasing seed germination (96.00%) next to allamanda (70%). Vigour index of okra seeds were increased 19.14% over untreated seeds by the treatment of mehogoni seed extracts at the rate of 1:1. Mehogoniseed extract at the rate of 1:1 seemed to be adoptable at the farmer's level as an organic management practice.

Keywords: FMD; Northern Plateau, Seroprevalence, Cattle, Prevalence odd ratio

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-09-2013

End Date: 00-02-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Okra

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to identify the seed borne fungal pathogen associated with okra seeds and evaluate the efficacy of some botanicals to control the seed borne fungi associated with the okra seeds.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Seed Pathology Center (SPC) and M. S. Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh.The experiment was conducted during the period from September, 2013 to February, 2014. A total of six seed samples of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) were collected from different seed companies at notunbazar in Mymensingh district. The recommended companies seed was BR-1 variety. The six seed samples were then kept in polythene bags and stored in the refrigerator under 5⁰C, till the seeds were used for the subsequent studies. The collected seed samples were examined following dry inspection method. The percentage of apparently healthy, diseased, shriveled, discolored and mechanically injured seeds were recorded. Germination test was carried out for 400 seeds, drawn randomly from the well-mixed six different companies seeds sample. Ten seeds were plated in each petridish thus 40 petridishes contain 400 seeds. Each petridish was considered as one replication. Three filter papers (Whatman no.1) were soaked in sterile water and placed at the bottom of 9 cm diameter plastic petridish and then 10 seeds were placed on the top of filter paper. The petridishes were placed in incubation room maintaining the temperature at 20 ± 2°C for ten days. Seeds produced both plumule and radical after incubation were considered as sprouted seeds. No of normal, abnormal and deed seeds were counted separately by this way germination was recorded at 7 days after plating. The result was expressed as percentage. Seed health status was examined by blotter method. Four hundred seeds were randomly taken from each sample. The seeds were plated on water soaked three layer of whatman no.1 filter paper on the plastic petridish. In each petridish, 10 seeds were plated at equal distance. The seeds were incubated at 20±2°C under 12 hrs. Alternate cycles of Near Ultra Violet (NUV) light and darkness for 7 days. Incubated seeds were examined under stereomicroscope. Seed borne fungi on okra seed surface were detected and identified. Temporary slide was prepared and examined under compound microscope with the help of keys. Data were recorded on percentage of seed borne fungi. Efficacy test of plant extracts on the incidence of seed-borne fungi of okra a) Mehogoni seed extract at the rate of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 b) Mehedi leaf extract at the rate of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 c) Allamanda extract at the rate of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. The collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The mean differences among the treatments were compared by completely randomized design (CRD). A statistical computer package MSTAT.C was used for analyzing the data.

Source of Information: Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2015, 1 (3), 628-640; ISSN 2411-4472

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AJMBR/article/view/26487/17779

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The health condition and germination of Okra seed was significantly influenced by the treatment of plant extracts. Seed samples collected from ACI seeds showed higher percentage of healthy seeds (93.00%) and lowest was found in abushama seeds (73.00%). The associated fungi were Colletotrichum dematium, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp. and Rhizopus spp. After 7 days of incubation, the seed samples of different variety showed a variation in germination percentage (73.00% to 93.00%). Therefore, it can be concluded that seed separation with naked eye will help to get more apparently healthy seeds. It is also revealed from this experiment that mehogoni Seed extracts, mehedi leaf extracts or allamanda leaf extracts can be recommended for okra seed treatment for getting higher germination and healthy seedling that will eventually increase Okra production.

Knowledge Management: Journal