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Bio-security in Small Scale Poultry Farms Against Avian Influenza (ai): Knowledge, Attitude and Practices

Nelima Ibrahim
Scientific officer
Rabies vaccine section, Livestock Research Institute, Mohakhali, Dhaka.

Marufa Akhter
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Selim Al Mamun
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Priya Mohan Das
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Avian influenza (AI) is considered as one of the greatest global threat for the poultry industry that the animal health sector has ever had to face. It is primarily an infectious disease of birds caused by influenza virus Type A strain. The major concern now is that a highly pathogenic strain (H5N1) has also been shown to transmit to humans and has the potential to be fatal. Since March 2007, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have been occurring in commercial and backyard poultry in Bangladesh. Good bio-security practices can help reducing the risk of spreading and controlling the disease. This investigation describes the bio-security practices of small scale poultry holders (500-2000 birds/farm) of Gazipur district, their knowledge and attitude in prevention and control of avian influenza. This was assessed using prescribed questionnaire. This study was conducted on 100 poultry raising farmers through household-based individual interviews. Though respondents had different opinions on the magnitude of AI in their respective area, almost everyone realized AI is a big problem for Bangladesh. Generally, the respondents were not aware of the common infection sources such as, sick poultry, their pens, cages, backyard poultry, wild animals, migratory birds etc. Most of the interviewed small scale farmers in this area were not aware about the strict bio-security process like segregation of diseased birds, cleaning and disinfection of premises to prevent AI. Although there was a basic knowledge about the dangers and economic consequences of AI, there needs to be an updating of information on sources of infection, symptoms and prevention techniques, as well as an understanding of the cross species dangers of the infection. The study had, to a large extent, successfully drawn up a picture of how Bangladeshi small holder farmers have perceived and responded to AI and what they have understood and what practices they are taking against AI in their respective areas.

Keywords: Avian influenza, Bio-security, Small scale poultry farmers

Location: Gazipur district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 05-08-2008

End Date: 15-09-2008

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to investigate the current status of bio-security practices of small scale poultry farmers and their knowledge and attitudes mainly on poultry rearing in response to AI in Gazipur region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Gazipur region from 5th August to 15th September 2008. The area was selected for three main reasons: (1) This region is affected and threatened by AI. (2) This is the largest and most important poultry zone in Bangladesh where a large number of birds and a lot of farms present and (3) The farms of this area are densely populated by poultry. The data were collected from Gazipur sadar; Mouna, Sreepur and Salna upazilla; Amtali, Harinal, Deshipara and Etahata union of Gazipur district where most of the farms are situated. The study applied quantitative qualitative methods by using a structured questionnaire developed for household-based individual interviews. A total of 100 small scale farms (50 broilers and 50 layer farms, 500-2000 birds/farm) in Gazipur district. Collected data from the respondents were analyzed and interpreted by using simple statistical techniques such as frequency distribution, percentage distribution. For collection of valid information, an interview schedule was prepared in English and it was converted into Bengali. Necessary modifications and corrections made in the schedule on the basis of the farmers' arguments during collection of data. The researcher visit farms to farms randomly in an area and interviews were undertaken with the availability of the farmers. The satisfactory cooperation was obtained from all concerned during interviews. This survey was arranged in a different way about participation' demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, knowledge of the definition, disease transmission, risk groups and preventive measures about avian influenza, attitudes towards avian influenza regarding use of preventive measures and food-handling practices, whether they had ever received information about avian influenza and, if so, the sources. The respondent choices for all questions, various points like-"Yes”,"No”,"Do not Know” and also a variety of answers/options supplied for the modes and the measures concerning the preventive response against avian influenza. It also asked whether the respondent and/or the members of his family in preceding the survey, had modified the habits in buying foods or in dietary habits for avian influenza.

Source of Information: Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2015, 1 (3), 670-676; ISSN 2411-4472

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AJMBR/article/view/26495/17786

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study clearly demonstrates that the bio-security against avian influenza applied in small-scale poultry farms in Gazipur region was inadequate. Most of the small-scale farmers were not aware of the importance of bio-security. It may be concluded that the immediate steps to be undertaken are to train poultry farmers on bio-security practices; otherwise avian influenza will not be controlled. Internal regulations need to be implemented immediately as recommended by OIE and WTO if Bangladesh is to enter world trade.

Knowledge Management: Journal