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Flowering and Fruiting Behavior of Velvet Apple

Md. Tanvir Hossain
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.

Md. Saiful Islam
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Md. Fakhrul Hasan
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Subrata Mojumder
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Mahbub Robbani
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

S. M. Ahsan
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Debasish Mondal
Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at three upazilla of Patuakhali during the period from the 1st February, 2013 to the 31st July, 2013 to evaluate the flowering and fruiting behavior of velvet apple germplasm. Twelve velvet apple germplasm were selected from three locations (DD 01, DD 04, DD 06, and DD 09 from Dumki; DD 02, DD 05, DD 08 and DD 10 from Mirzaganj; DD 03, DD 07, DD 11 and DD 12 from Patuakhali sadar upazilla) by field survey. The age of plant varied from 10 to 25 years having satisfactory growth and good health. A lot of variations in different parameters were observed among the germplasm. Flowering season started from 22 February and continued up to 20 April. Percentage of fruit setting ranged from 65.15% to 92.26% in DD 07 and DD 01, respectively. Required time for fruit maturation ranged from 116 days (DD 01) to 129 days (DD 07). Single fruit weight varied from 198.10 g (DD 12) to 238.90 g (DD 01). The highest number of seeds (8) was found in DD 07 while DD 01 was seedless. The length and diameter of fruit ranged from 6.72 cm (DD 07) to 8.04 cm (DD 01) and 6.09 cm (DD 07) to 7.27 cm (DD 01), respectively. The maximum edible portion (87.33 %) was recorded in seedless germplasm DD 01, while it was the lowest (42.00 %) in DD 07.

Keywords: Flowering behavior, Fruiting behavior, Velvet apple

Location: Patuakhali sadar, Mirzaganj and Dumki upazillas, Patuakhali distirct, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-02-2013

End Date: 31-07-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Velvet apple

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to evaluate the flowering and fruiting behavior of velvet apple germplasm.

Methodology:

Data related to the flowering and fruiting behavior of velvet apple were collected from selected twelve velvet apple plant located at Patuakhali sadar, Mirzaganj and Dumki upazilla. Randomly one branch was selected in each direction to collect field data from each plant. This chapter is outlined under the following major sub-headings: The field experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and the laboratory experiment was done in completely randomized design (CRD). Data were collected using standard procedure. The age of selected 12 germplasm was collected from tree owner. Although no recorded data were found but counted as possible as correctly. Branching pattern was determined by eye estimation comparing with the figure of descriptor. It was expressed in language as, opposite, verticillate, horizontal, and irregular (Sharma, 2004). Leaf area was measured at mature stage of leaf through the branch of selected germplasm. Forty eight leaves (1 leaf × 4 branches × 12 plants) were selected for leaf area measurement. These areas were measured using leaf area meter. Then the leaf area of selected leaves of a plant was calculated and recorded. Days required for flower bud development was observed with randomly selected 48 buds (1 bud × 4 branches × 12 plants). The selected buds were tagged and their development was regularly observed from the initiation of flowering shoot up to the opening of flower. It was carried out from 22 February, 2013 to 21 March, 2013. Flowering season of velvet apple was considered to be the duration of first flower to last flower. The flowering season was recorded by regular visiting the selected plants. It was recorded from 22 February to 20 April. Detailed study in relation to position of flower bud initiation was carried out in the selected plants from flower bud initiation to last flowering date. The position of bud initiation was expressed as tip of branch or from the leaf axile. The color of flower bud was determined by eye estimation. The observation was started from the initiation of flower bud till before opening the flower and it was expressed as light green or green in color. Length of flower bud was measured just before flower opening. It was measured by using slide calipers in centimeter. Randomly selected 48 (1 × 4 × 12) buds were used to determine the length of flower bud. Length of petals was measured by using slide calipers in centimeter and it was done when the flowers were completely open. Randomly selected 48 (1 × 4 × 12) completely opened flower were used to determine the length of petal. Widths of petals were measured by using the slide calipers in centimeter and it was done when the flowers were completely open. Randomly selected 48 (1 × 4 × 12) completely opened flowers were used to determine the width of petal. The total number of fruit setting was measured by counting the total number of flower and then total number of fruit (after fruit setting) by regular visiting the selected plants. The percent fruit setting was measured according to the formula of Roy (1997), expressed as; Percent fruit setting = (Total number of fruit set)/Total number of flower x 100. The percentage of non-edible (seed and rind) and edible (pulp) portion was measured by using the following formula of Sharma (2004), expressed as; Percent of non-edible portion = (Weight of non-edible parts)/(Weight of whole fruit) x 100. Percent of edible portion = (Weight of edible parts)/(Weight of whole fruit) x 100.

Source of Information: Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2015, 1 (3), 660-669; ISSN 2411-4472

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AJMBR/article/view/26491/17785

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results on plant characteristics of velvet apple showed that the highest age of germplasm was 25 years in DD 08 and lowest age 10 years in DD 02 with highest leaf area in DD 01 (157.8 cm²) and the lowest was in DD 07 (150.0 cm²).

Knowledge Management: Journal