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Effect of Sowing Dates on Growth and Yield of Tropical Sugar Beet

Hossain Md. Ferdous
Department of Agronomy, Exim Bank Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Qazi Abdul Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abdul Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, from November 2011 to May 2012 to find out the growth pattern and optimum sowing date of tropical sugar beet in Bangladesh. The tropical sugar beet genotypes were Cauvery, Shubhra and EB0616, and sowing dates were 01 November, 15 November, 01 December and 15 December. The interaction effect of sowing dates and sugar beet genotypes was statistically significant in growth parameters like leave number, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), root weight per plant, root yield. The highest root yield was obtained from genotypes EB0616 when sown on 01 November (103.5 t/ha) and 15 November (100 t/ha). The genotypes Cauvery and Shubhra gave identical root yield i.e., 90.27 t/ha and 92.86 t/ha, respectively on 01 November sowing. Root yield significantly decreased in all the three genotypes with the advancement of sowing dates from 01 November onwards. For high root yield the optimum sowing date for tropical sugar beet in Bangladesh seems to be in early November.

Keywords: Sugar Beet, Sowing date, Growth, Yield

Location: Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2011

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugar beet

Objectives:

To find out the optimum sowing time and growth pattern of tropical sugar beet in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Site, design and crop husbandry - The trial was conducted during 2011 to 2012 in the experimental field of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having two factors with three replications. Since the pH of the experimental field was 5.7, therefore, dolomite was applied @ 1500kg/ha to raise the soil pH. Therefore, the final pH of the soil was 7.2. Seeds of three tropical sugar beet genotypes were sown on four different dates at 15 days interval starting from 1st November 2011 maintaining 50× 20 cm spacing in 3×2 m² unit plot. During final land preparation cow dung @ 15 t ha^-1 was incorporated into the soil. A fertilizer dose of 120 kg N, 105 kg P₂O₅, 150 kg K₂O, 18 kg S, 3.5 kg Zn and 1.2 kg B ha^-1 was applied in the form of urea, TSP, MoP, ZnSO4 and boric acid, respectively. One third of the total urea and all other fertilizers were applied during final land preparation. The remaining amount of urea was applied as top dressing in two equal installments at 60 and 100 days after sowing (DAS). The field was kept weed free by hand weeding at 20, 40 and 60 DAS. Plant was thinned out keeping one plant per hill during the second weeding. Irrigation frequency was enough to prevent significant plant water stress. Plants were infected by damping off disease at seedling stage, and sclerotium root rot at seedling and later stages of growth. These were controlled by applying Dithane M 45 @ 2.2 kg ha-1 at seedling stage, and at later stage by applying Score 250 EC 0.5 ml/L of water. Data collection - Out of the 6 m2 of unit plot 2 m2 was kept in each plot for final harvest to estimate the root yield and from the remaining 4 m2 of land three plants were randomly selected from each plot at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 165 days after emergence (DAE) according to sowing dates for recording number of leaves, leaf area index, dry matter and crop growth rate. Total number of fully developed green leaves was counted in three plants at each sampling and averaged to per plant. The leaf area was measured with an automatic leaf area meter (Model: Li- 3100C). The crop growth rate (CGR) was calculated by the following formula as described by Grander et al.. CGR = [1/GA x (W₂ - W₁)/(T₂ - T₁)] gm^-1day^-1Where, W₁ = dry weight at time T₁ (g), W₂ = dry weight at time T₂ (g) and GA = ground area (m²) Based on sowing dates, plants were harvested at 165 DAE from 2 m² of land from each plot and their root yield was calculated to kg m^-2 and t ha^-1. The data were subjected to the combined analysis of variance and LSD test was used for means separation by using the MSTAT-C statistical software. Air temperature during experimental period was recorded.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR); ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online); Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 53-60, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results of the present study it may be concluded that the tropical sugar beet genotypes viz. Cauvery, Shabhra and EB0616 can be grown under Bangladesh agro-ecological conditions. For high root and sucrose yield the optimum sowing date for tropical sugar beet genotypes in Bangladesh seems to be early November.

Knowledge Management: Journal