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Varietal Performance: Morphology, Phenology Yield and Yield Attributes in Blackgram (vigna Mungo (l.) Hepper)

M. S. Hassan
Agronomy Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research institute (BARI) Joydebpur, Gazipur -1701

A. Hamid
Department of Agronomy Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh

A. Hashem
Department of Agronomy Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh

M. A. A. Miah
Agronomy Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research institute (BARI) Joydebpur, Gazipur -1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Morphological and phenological characters, yield and yield attributes in 13 genotypes of blackgram grown in pots were evaluated during late Kharif season of 1992 at IPSA, Gazipur. Plant height ranged from 41.75 to 52.31 cm at maturity. The genotypes showed 18 to 56% elongation in stem after first flowering. The canopy spread at pod filling stage varied from 1519 to 2242 cm². The canopy spread of most exotic genotypes were larger than the local ones. Number of leaves varied from 13 to 17 per plant. Leaf area did not vary significantly among the genotypes. The genotypes flowered between 28 to 30 DAE and matured between 65 to 69 DAE. "BMAX 90109" and "BMAP 9125" produced similar seed yields per plant mainly through higher number of pods per plant. These two genotypes out yielded other genotypes. The contribution of branches to the total seed yield per plant was twice than that of the main stem.

Keywords: Blackgram, Genotype, Canopy, Leaf area, Phenologyand Yield.

Location: Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1992

End Date: 00-00-1992

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Black gram

Objectives:

To evaluates genotypic differences in some selected morphological and phenological characters, yield and yield attributes in blackgram.

Methodology:

This experiment was conducted at the Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture, Salna, Gazipur during the summer season, 1992. Thirteen genotypes of blackgram viz., "Barimash", "Baromashi," "Baliakandi local", "BMAX 9006", "'BMAX 90109", ''BMAX 90105", "BMAX 90125", "BMAP 9125", "BMAP 9118", "BMAX 9136", "BMAP 9105", "BMAP 9112" and "BMAP 9116" were grown in pots (16 cm diameter and 25 cm high) each containing 10 kg of silty loam soil mixed with 3 kg compost. No chemical fertilizer was added. Among the genotypes, Barimash, Baromashi and Baliakandi local are commercially grown cultivars. The genotypes designated with BMAX are advanced generation materials and those designated with BMAP are pure lines maintained by the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with 11 replications. 60 Plants grown in pots were arranged in rows 65 cm apart. A distance of 45 cm was maintained between the pots in a row. Five sprouted seeds were planted in each pot on September 18, 1992. Seedlings emerged in two days. The seedlings were thinned to two per pot at seven days after emergence (DAE). Plants were watered and weeded regularly. Days to flowering and maturity, number of leaves at first flowering and plant height at pre-flowering (25 DAE), pod filling (41 DAE) and maturity (harvest) stages were recorded. Canopy spread was taken as the horizontal expansion of the canopy that covered the ground. The horizontal measurements taken from two diagonally opposite directions and area was estimated by the formula pi where, r is the radius of the canopy spread. At around pod filling stage (41 DAE) leaf area per plant was measured using a leaf area meter. At maturity number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed size and grain yield per plant were recorded. All data were subjected to ANOVA and means were compared by LSD. Correlation study were also performed among the yield and yield contributing characters.

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. 6(1 ):59-65,1996

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Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results suggested that the number of pods per plant was the single most important trait that contributed to higher yield in blackgram, Genotypes tested in this study were nearly similar in morphological characters. Correlation among the yield attributes also suggest that substantial increase in yield is possible through optimizing the number of pods per plant alone. Primary branches are more important in producing higher number of pod per plant than secondary branch or main stalk.

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