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Influence of Plant Population Density on Growth and Yield of Two Blackgram Varieties

D.K. Biswas
Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

M.M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

A. Hamid
Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

J.U. Ahmed
Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh.

M.A. Rahman
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth and yield performance of two blackgram varieties i.e., BARlmash-3 and BINAmash-1 under three different population densities. The planting configurations were 40 x 10 cm², 30 x 10 cm² and 40 x 5 cm² representing 25, 33 and 50 plants m-². Both the blackgram varieties showed identical results in LAI, CGR, NAR, RGR as well as grain yield. But planting density had significant effects on LAI and CGR of the blackgram varieties. The highest planting density showed the highest LAI and CGR but the highest grain yield was recorded from intermediate population density due to the highest number of pods per unit area. The NAR and RGR did not differ due to different population densities.

Keywords: Population density, Blackgram, Plant population BARlmash 3, BINAmash 1

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-1999

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Black gram

Objectives:

To evaluate the physiological basis of yield improvement with a view to find out the optimum population density to achieve higher grain yield of blackgram.

Methodology:

A field experiment was carried out at research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman Agricultural University during the kharif-II season of 1999. The soil of the blackgram varieties BARlmash 3 and BINAmash 1 were used in this experiment. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Plot size was 10x 5 m². Planting configuration of the three densities were 40 x 10 cm², 30 x 10 cm² and 40 x 5 cm² respectively for each of the variety. The seeds were sown in rows by hand, providing two seeds per hole and finally single plant per hole was retained at trifoliate stage. The crop received 40, 60 and 40 kg N, P and K per hectare. Intercultural operations such as weeding, mulching, plant protection measures were done as needed. A light irrigation was applied to establish the seedling properly. Plant samples were taken at seven days interval beginning from 15 days after emergence (DAE) and continued up to harvest from half linear meter for each replication. Leaf area per square meter of ground area was measured by an automatic leaf area meter. The above ground portion of the crop was segmented into leaf, petiole, stem and reproductive organs and oven dried at 70°C for 72 hours and dry weight of each component was recorded. On the basis of leaf area index (LAI = Surface area of sampled leaf/Ground area occupied by the sampled plants) and dry matter accumulation, the growth parameters such as crop growth rate (CGR = l/Ground area x W₂-W₁/T₂-T, g m^-2 day^-1 where, W₁ = Dry weight at time T₁ and W₂ = Dry weight at time T₂). net assimilation rate (NAR = W_2-W₁/T_2-T₁ x Ln L_2-Ln L₁/L_2-L₁ g m^-2 day^-1 where Ln = Natural logarithm, L₁ = Leaf area at time T₁and L₂ = Leaf area at time T₂) and relative growth rate (RGR = 1/W₁ X W_2-W₁/T_2- T₁x Ln W₂-Ln W₁/T_2-T₁ g g^-1day^-1) were calculated. Data on yield and yield attributes were recorded from 30 randomly selected plants from each plot. Yield was determined by harvesting an area of 8 m² for each replication and converted into tons per hectare at 11 % moisture content. The results were analyzed statistically and treatment means were compared by least significant difference test.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Agronomy 1 (2-3): 83-85, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The two blackgram varieties showed almost similar pattern in growth habit and yield but population density had profound effect on growth and as well as seed yield of blackgram. The results of this experiment revealed that the population density of 33 plants (30 x 10 cm²) m^-2showed the optimum planting density for maximum seed yield of two blackgram varieties and variation in planting density either resulted in reduction of grain yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal