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Physico-chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Assay of Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Germplasm Available in the South Western Region of Bangladesh

Md. Mazidul Islam Talukder
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh

Prosanta Kumar Dash
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Mannan
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research work was carried out to determine the physico-chemical characteristics and antioxidant assay of 13 selected tomato germplasm collected from the south-western region of Bangladesh during December 2012 to May 2013. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. A significant variation among the germplasm in relation to fruit characteristics was observed. The highest values found in germplasm No. 6 in respect of total weight of fruit, length of fruit, width of fruit and depth of fruit among the 13 selected germplasm. The highest seed weight of fruits was observed in germplasm No. 2. The highest titrable acidity (0.953%) was observed in germplasm No. 12. The highest vitamin C (24.33 mg /100 g) content of fruit pulp was determined from germplasm No. 3 while germplasm No. 13 was best in respect of pH (4.833), germplasm No. 3 in total soluble solids (6.033%) content, germplasm No. 5 in carotenoids (0.848 mg /100 g) content, germplasm No. 2 in anthocyanin (0.125 mg/100 g) content and germplasm No. 11 in flavonoids (5.270 g/100 g) content of fruit pulp. The highest antioxidant was found in germplasm No.7 and that was lowest in germplasm No. 9. The IC₅₀ values and antioxidant content is opposite each other. It was revealed from the study that germplasm No.7 had comparatively lower IC₅₀ values so, germplasm No.7 contain comparatively higher antioxidant content. On the other hand, germplasm No. 9 had comparatively higher IC₅₀ values so, germplasm No.9 contain comparatively lower antioxidant content.

Keywords: Antioxidant, Germplasm, Carotenoids, Anthocyanin, Flavonoids

Location: Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna

Start Date: 00-12-2012

End Date: 00-05-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To assess the physic-chemical and antioxidant content of some selected tomato germplasm.

Methodology:

The experiment on physico-chemical characteristics and antioxidant assay of tomato was carried out during the period from December 2012 to May 2013. In this study 13 germplasm were examined which were collected randomly from the south western region of Bangladesh. Experimental design - The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. After collection of tomato they kept in ambient temperature for the study of physico-chemical characteristics and antioxidant assay. Experimental materials - Mature green tomato of thirteen germplasm was selected as the experimental materials for the investigation. These fruits were collected from different places of south western region of Bangladesh. Morphological Parameter, Weight of tomato fruits - The weight of tomato fruit was measured by an electric balance. At first, the balance was adjusted to zero mark. The tomatoes were cleaned and weighted by keeping the tomato on the chamber of the balance. Then the reading was taken in gram (g). Size of tomato fruits - Length, width and depth of the tomato fruit were estimated to determine the size of tomato by slide callipers. The values of these parameters were taken in centimetre (cm). Seed weight of tomato fruits - The seed weight was measured by an electric balance. At first, the balance was adjusted to zero mark. The seed were cleaned and weighted by keeping the seed on the chamber of the balance. Then the reading was taken in gram (g). Skin colour of tomato fruits - The tomato was clean with tap water and it was dried up with tissue paper. Skin colours were identified by visual observation comparing with colour chart. Skin colours of tomato were Red, Bright red, Light red and Orange. Chemical characteristics - The standard methods for the estimation of pH, TSS, titrable acidity, vitamin C, carotenoids, anthocyanin, flavonoids and antioxidant of tomato pulp were followed. The data were analyzed by fresh weight basis. Determination of antioxidant of tomato pulp - Antioxidant is the type of molecule that neutralizes harmful compounds called free radicals that damage living cells, spoil food and degrade materials such as rubber, gasoline, and lubricating oil. Antioxidants can take the form of enzymes in the body, vitamin supplements, or industrial additives. They are routinely added to metals, oils, foodstuffs and other materials to prevent free radicals damage. During investigation both qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed. Qualitative assay - A Suitably diluted (methanol used as solvent) stock solutions were spotted on pre-coated silica gel TLC plates and the plates were developed in solvent systems of different polarities (polar, medium polar and non-polar) to resolve polar and non-polar compound of the extract. The plates were dried at room temperature and were sprayed with 0.02% 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) in ethanol. Bleaching of DPPH by the resolved bands was observed for 10 minutes and the colour changes (yellow on purple background) were noted. DPPH formed deep pink colour when it was dissolved in ethanol. When it is sprayed on the chromatogram of the extract, it forms pale yellow colour which indicates the presence of antioxidants (Jiri et al., 2010 doi:10.3390/molecules15128618). Quantitative analysis % of inhibition was calculated as- % inhibition = [(Blank absorbance - Sample absorbance) / Blank absorbance] X 100. IC₅₀ was determined from % inhibition vs. concentration graph. Statistical analysis - The collected data from experiment were statistically analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare the means of different parameters and the means were calculated by using “MSTATC” programme in computer.

Source of Information: International Journal of Biosciences | IJB |; ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online); Vol. 6, No. 9, p. 26-33, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net; http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/6.9.26-33

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The IC₅₀ value determines the inhibition concentration standard. Low IC₅₀ value indicates the highest antioxidant content where as the highest IC₅₀ value determines the lowest antioxidant content. Germplasm No. 7 showed highest antioxidant and lowest was observed in germplasm No. 9. Different associated chemicals responsible for increasing antioxidant activity are available in some germplasm which is meager in another germplasm. As a result antioxidant content varied among the germplasm.

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