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Common Infectious Diseases of Goats in Chittagong District of Bangladesh

Tilak Chandra Nath*
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh

Md. Jamal Uddin Bhuiyan
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh

Mohammad Al Mamun
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh

Real Datta
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh

Shaymal Kumar Chowdhury
MS student
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh

Muhammed Hossain
MS student
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh

Mohammad Shafiul Alam
Parasitology Research Group, Centre for Communicable Diseases, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research’ Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Goat is an important source of nutrition and integral part of rural economy in Bangladesh. Goats are affected by several infectious diseases which can affect their growth. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of common infectious diseases of goat in Chittagong district of Bangladesh. The study was carried out in S.A Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital, CVASU, Chittagong in between November 2011 to October 2012. The diseases were diagnosed on basis of clinical signs, owner’s statement and laboratory diagnosis. The prevalence of Peste des Petis of Ruminant (PPR) was highest (11.33%) whereas babesiosis was less common (0.40%). The prevalence of infectious disease was highest in 13-18 month age group (68.00%) and lowest at 19-24 month age group (53.73%). The prevalence of infectious disease was highest at Black Bengal breed (64.23%) and lowest in Jamunapari cross (57.39%). Prevalence of PPR was found highest both for male and female goat. Highest percentage was observed in case of mixed infection (49%) and lowest in case of fungal infection (4%). Occurrence of various infectious diseases was higher in rainy season (36.43%) followed by winter season (34.94%) and summer season (28.62%). Female goat was found to be more susceptible (64.22%) than the male animal (35.77%). These results indicate the high incidence of various infectious diseases in the goats of Chittagong region. Thus, there is a need for an immediate action by the veterinary workers, development partners to come forward in order to prevent and minimize the loss caused by infectious diseases in goats.

Keywords: Prevalence, Infectious, Goat, Bangladesh

Location: S.A Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital, CVASU, Chittagong during the period of November 2011 to October 2012.

Start Date: 00-11-2011

End Date: 00-10-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to investigate the disease prevalence, morbidity and mortality of goats in relation to season, location and management systems and possible causes of mortality of adult goats and kids in the Chittagong region.

Methodology:

Study Area and Time: The study was conducted in S.A Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital, CVASU, Chittagong during the period of November 2011 to October 2012. The diseases were diagnosed on basis of clinical signs, owner’s statement and laboratory diagnosis. Sample Size: During this study period a total of 2,013 goats were recorded to visit this hospital from which prevalence of infectious diseases were made. Among those the number of animals in winter, summer and rainy season were 598, 605 and 810, respectively. The numbers of male and female were 797 and 1216, respectively. Jamunapari cross (1312) was the dominant breed followed by Local (427) and BBG (274). Physical Examination: Information of affected goats were recorded according to age, sex, breed, months and seasons were also recorded by carefully asking questions to the owner or farmers which was described by Balamurugan et al. (2012). Body condition score, temperature, consistency of feces and any prominent clinical signs were also recorded. The body surface of calves and goat was examined for any swelling, wound or hernia ring or any outgrowth. The hindquarter and thigh muscles were observed to see lameness crepitation on palpation. The animals were palpated to detect any enlargement, reddening of udder or pain. In animals, mouth and feet were observed to detect any vesicle wound or salivation. Different joints of the animals were observed through palpation and were examined to detect any swelling or pain. Abnormal sound of respiratory tract was detected through stethoscope. The preputial mucosa and glans penis were examined for the presence of any purulent discharge or ulceration. Disease Diagnosis: The viral, bacterial, protozoal, fungal and mixed infections were diagnosed by owner’s complaint & specific clinical signs of the diseases described by Kahn (2000) and Jones et al. (1998). The symptomatic signs used to presumptive diagnosis were made. The long-term and short-term history of the herd and patient should be considered. Environmental factors were carefully checked. The goat was observed as unobtrusively as possible respiratory rate and character was assessed before restraint, temperature and pulse (from the femoral artery) was taken immediately after the animal was restrained. The mucous membrane colour was assessed in the conjunctival or vulval mucosa. Skin thickness and mobility was checked and any variation in temperature noted for evidence of local inflammation. Lymph node enlargement was palpated. The two sides of the head were compared to see if there was any disparity between them. The animal was examined for identifying difficulty of breathing, coughing and other signs of respiratory distress as per methods described by Jackson and Cockcroft (2002).

Source of Information: International Journal of Scientific Research in Agricultural Sciences, 1(3), pp. 43-49, 2014 ISSN: 2345-6795;

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.ijsrpub.com/uploads/papers/IJSRAS/2014/Jul/IJSRAS-14-10.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study represents the prevalence of common infectious diseases of goats in Bangladesh which has significant impact in overall production. The study documented high incidence of various infectious diseases in the goats of Chittagong region. This is very alarming for the farmer. Veterinary inspection should pay attention for these all farm animals to detect the infectious diseases that may hamper the production of animals and make loss of the farmer. Government and private sectors should come forward to prevent and minimize the losses caused from the infectious disease. The present study will be helpful to control the diseases in the farm.

Knowledge Management: Journal