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Growth, Dry Matter Production and Yield Performance of Transplanted Aman Rice Varieties Influenced by Seedling Densities Per Hill

J. A. Mahamud
Assistant Professor
Department of Agro-forestry and Environmental Science, Sher-e-bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka-1207

M. M. Haque
Professor
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka-1207

M. Hasanuzzaman
Assistant Professor
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla agricultural university during July to December 2010 to find out the effect of 1, 2, or 3 seedling(s) per hill on growth, dry matter production and yield performance of a modern inbred (BRRI dhan49) and four hybrid (BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera, Tia and Aloron) transplant aman rice varieties. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that rice cultivars differed significantly in all growth characters, such as plant height, tillers number, chlorophyll content and dry matter weight of different plant parts, panicle length, filled grain, unfilled grain, filled grain percentage, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and straw yield. Numbers of seedling(s) per hill had remarkable influence on number of total tillers per hill and total dry matter production and single seedling per hill gave the highest grain yield (4.20 t ha^-1). The higher grain yield was attributed mainly to the number of effective tillers per hill, filled grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight.

Keywords: Transplanted rice, Population density, Dry matter partitioning, Agronomic management

Location: The Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla agricultural university

Start Date: 00-07-2010

End Date: 00-12-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To find out the effect of 1, 2, or 3 seedling(s) per hill on growth, dry matter production and yield performance of a modern inbred (BRRI dhan49) and four hybrid BRRI hybrid dhan2, , Heera, Tia and Aloron) transplant Aman rice varieties.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), under the agro-ecological zone of Modhupur Tract, AEZ-28, during Aman season(July to December, 2010) with a view to finding out the influence of planting density on growth and yield of hybrid rice. Geographically the experimental area is located at 24^o75' N and 90^o50' E longitude at the elevation of above 18 m the sea level.The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications of seedling(s) number per hill (3) viz 1 seedling, 2 seedlings, 3 seedlings and 5 inbreed and hybrid varieties viz BRRI dhan49, BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera, Tia and Aloron. There were 15 treatments combinations. The total numbers of unit plots were 45. The size of unit plot was 5 m x 3 m = 15 m² . At the time of first ploughing cowdung at the rate of 10 t ha^-1 was applied. The experimental plots were fertilized a day before transplanting with 130, 120, 70, 10 kg ha^-1in the form of triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP), gypsum and zinc sulphate respectively, according to the recommended dose of BRRI. Urea was top-dressed @ 120 kg N ha^-1 in three equal splits at 10, 30 and 50 days after transplanting (DAT). The entire amounts of TSP, MP, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied at the final land preparation as basal doses. Pre-germinated seeds were sown in the wet seedbed and proper care was taken to raise the seedlings in seedbed. Thirty days old seedling was transplanted in each hill maintaining the spacing with 25 cm ×15 cm according to the planting density treatments. Intercultural operations such as gap filling, weeding and chemical pest management were done when necessary. About 2-3 cm water layer was maintained in the each plot until the crop attained maturity. Five hills in each plot were randomly selected and tagged for recording and data were collected in tillering, panicle initiation, booting, flowering and harvesting stages on the following growth parameters viz plant height (cm), number of tillers per m^-2 , dry matter weight of leaves (g), dry matter weight of stem (g), dry matter weight of panicle (g), chlorophyll content (mg/g) and panicle length (cm). Maturity of crop was determined when 90% of the grains become golden yellow in color. Straw was also sun dried properly. After harvesting, threshing, cleaning and drying the grain and straw yield as well as yield contributing characters viz number of effective tillers per hill , panicle length, number of grains per panicle , percent filled and unfilled grains and 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index were recorded. Finally grain and straw yields per plot were recorded and converted to ton per hectare. The data collected on different parameters were statistically analyzed to obtain the level of significance using the MSTAT-C computer package program. The mean differences among the treatments were compared by least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: International Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 5 (1): 16-24, (2013)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Numerically the highest (4.20 t ha^-1) grain yield was found with 1 seedling per hill and the lowest grain yield was measured with 2 seedlings per hill. In conclusion it could be suggested that transplanting 1 seedling per hill was found to be a promising practice for good yield

Knowledge Management: Journal