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Prospect of Pongamia Pinnata (karanja) in Bangladesh: a Sustainable Source of Liquid Fuel

P. K. Halder
Jessore University of Science & Technology, Jessore 7408, Bangladesh

N. Paul
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

M. R. A. Beg
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Energy is the basic requirement for the existence of human being in today’s digital world. Indigenous energy of Bangladesh (especially natural gas and diesel) is basically used in power generation and depleting hastily to meet the increasing power demand. Therefore, special emphasis has been given to produce alternative liquid fuel worldwide to overcome the crisis of diesel. Pongamia pinnata (karanja) may be an emerging option for providing biooil for biodiesel production. Although karanja biooil has been used as a source of traditional medicines in Bangladesh, it can also be used for rural illumination. This paper outlines the medical and energy aspects of Pongamia pinnata. It has been assessed that Bangladesh can utilize about 128.95 PJ through Pongamia cultivation in unused lands. The paper reviews the potentiality of Pongamia pinnata as a source of biodiesel and its benefits in Bangladesh. The paper also revives that, about 0.52 million tons of biodiesel can be produced only utilizing the unused lands per year in sustainable basis as it reduces CO₂, CO, HC, and NO_x emission compared to pure diesel.

Keywords: Pongamia pinnata (Karanja), Bangladesh, Liquid fuel

Location: Jessore University of Science & Technology, Jessore

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to study the prospect of Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) in Bangladesh: A Sustainable Source of Liquid Fuel.

Methodology:

In this review paper, discussed details on the followings sub titles-1. Introduction, 2. Versatile Applications of Pongamia pinnata: 2.1. Pongamia pinnata Wood, Traditionally, Pongamia pinnata, 2.2. Pongamia pinnata Oil, 2.3. Pongamia pinnata as Fodder and Feed, 2.4. Pongamia pinnata as a Medicine, 2.5. Seed Cake as Fertilizer, 2.6. Soil Erosion. 3. Pongamia pinnata: A Viable Alternative to Liquid Fuel: 3.1. Alternative Oil for Kerosene, 3.2. Pongamia pinnata Biodiesel as an Alternative to Diesel-3.2.1. Need of Biodiesel in Bangladesh Context., 4. Energy Assessment of Pongamia pinnata, 5. Engine Performance and Emission Analysis, 6. Rural Development in Bangladesh through Pongamia pinnata, 7. Concluding Remarks.

Source of Information: Journal of Renewable Energy, Volume 2014, Article ID 647324, 12 pages

Article Link (Online Journal): fhttp://www.hindawi.com/journals/jre/2014/647324/

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pongamia pinnata, a versatile resource, shows the promising properties for the medical and biodiesel production industry. Many countries in the world are producing biodiesel in order to replace the fossil diesel fuel. Bangladesh has a considerable potential of biodiesel production from karanja as it has high growth rate in Bangladesh. The country has about 0.32 million hectares of unused lands which yield about 0.52 million tons of biodiesel per year and can reduce import of diesel fuel approximately by 21.67%. Besides, on energy basis country’s unused lands provide about 128.95 PJ from karanja equivalent to 4.4 million tons of coal. However, the country has not started commercial cultivation of Pongamia yet. Furthermore, Pongamia biodiesel is environmentally friendly and causes fewer CO₂, CO, HC, and NO_x emission in CI engine as an alternative fuel to diesel. Karanja biodiesel blends of 20% with fossil diesel fuel produce approximately 70% less pollution. In conclusion, Bangladesh should take initiative to cultivate Pongamia and other nonedible seed plants for biodiesel production.

Knowledge Management: Journal