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Optimum Water Requirement of Some Boro Rice Mutant Lines

F. Aftab
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, BAU, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.N. Islam
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, BAU, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.A.A. Sarkar
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, SUST, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh

M.A. Rahman
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to find out the effect of irrigation on yield and optimum water requirement of some Boro rice mutant lines developed by Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) and the check variety BRRIdhan 28. The rice mutant lines (RM-200©-1-17, RM-200©-1-1, RM-200©-1-13) and BRRIdhan 28 were grown maintaining five irrigation treatments. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Irrigation showed significant effect on the yield and yield contributing characters of different rice mutant lines and the check variety. The highest grain yield of 6.9 t ha^-1 was obtained in treatment T₄ where irrigation applied to make 7 days after disappearance of previous water was imposed to the crop. It was also found that the crop grown under continuous ponding and continuous saturation of T₀ and T₁ treatments respectively did not increase the yield, rather caused the wastage of irrigation water. Among the three rice mutant lines and the check variety, the yield of the mutant lines were 6.08 t ha^-1 in RM-200©-1-17, 6.79 t ha^-1 in RM-200©-1-1, 6.20 t ha^-1 in RM-200©-1-13 and 6.02 t ha^-1 in BRRIdhan 28. The highest yield was 6.79 t ha^-1 in treatment RM-200©-1-1.The mutant line RM-200©-1-1 was found to be superior over the other two mutant lines, and The treatment T₄ was the optimum water stress condition for the check variety which produced the highest yield. The water use efficiency was 0.033 t ha^-1cm^-1 in T₀, 0.045 t ha^-1cm^-1 in T₁, 0.125 t ha^-1cm^-1 in T₂, 0.168 t ha^-1cm^-1 in T₃ and 0.216 t ha^-1cm^-1in T₄. The water use efficiency (WUE) was the highest (0.216 t ha^-1cm^-1) in treatment T₄, obviously due to minimum water use. Therefore, from the experimental findings, it was revealed that irrigation treatment of T₄ gave the highest yield which would help to lessen extra cost.

Keywords: Irrigation, Boro Rice, Mutant Lines, Grain Yield, and Irrigation Efficiency

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2011

End Date: 00-06-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water productivity

Objectives:

To determine the optimum water requirement for higher yield and water use efficiency of the newly developed Boro rice mutant lines.

Methodology:

Site Selection and Experimental materials - Pots of 20.5 cm diameter used for the experiment were conducted in controlled condition at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from January to June 2011. Three Boro rice mutant lines namely RM-200©-1-17, RM-200©-1-1, RM-200©-1-13 developed by BINA (thereby referred to as V₁, V₂ and V₃, respectively) and the check variety BRRIdhan 28 represented by V₄ were used for the experiment. Design and layout of the experiment - The experiment was conducted following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The treatments (T₀= continuous ponding (3-5 cm), T₁= continuous saturation, T₂= Alternate flooding and wetting at 3 days after disappearance of 5 cm, T₃= Alternate flooding and wetting at 5 days after disappearance of 5 cm, T₄= Alternate flooding and wetting at 7 days after disappearance of 5 cm) used in the experiment were replicated thrice. Thus, total 60 pots were required to establish the experiment. In each replication 20 pots were placed side by side maintaining 10 to 25 cm distances in between. On the other hand, the replicates were placed at 1 m distance between them. The treatments in mutant lines (V₁= RM-200-1-17, V₂= RM-200-1-17, V₃= RM-200-1-17 and V₄= BRRIdhan 28) were randomly arranged to avoid any biasness for placement. Pot preparation and Fertilizer application - Each pot filled with 7 kg of soil was placed at the north yard (in Lysimeter house) of the BINA farm. The pots were pre-labeled for each mutant line and irrigation treatment. Extra amount of water was applied to bring the soil moisture suitable for seedling due to pots filled with dry soil. For this, 2 liters of water was added to saturate the soil. Fertilizer doses for pot experiment were applied as 0.33 g, 0.42 g, 0.233 g per pot in the form of urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP), respectively. Whole amounts of urea, TSP, MP were applied during the final land preparation. Another 0.33 g urea per pot was applied at 30 and 55 days after transplanting (DAT), respectively. Raising seedling and Water stress - One No. of forty four days old seedlings (previously grown in seed bed) of the mutant lines and the check variety were collected from BINA farm. Seedlings were uprooted carefully from the bed and bundled with proper care and brought for transplanting in the pots. After the establishment of the crop (about 3 weeks after transplantation), irrigation was given to make 4 cm standing water and then water stress was imposed in treatments T₀, T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄. The individual pot was weighed whenever required. The irrigation was continued up to 15 days before the harvest of the crop. Intercultural operations - During the growth period, especially in the early stages, sometimes weeds were observed and uprooted by hand. No major insects were noticed except grass hopper and stem borers during the growth period. The infestation was controlled by applying insecticides (15 to 20 diazenol granules) in each pot at the active tillering stage. Other operation like mulching was done as and when necessary. Estimation of irrigation water and water use efficiency - Amount of applied irrigated water was recorded from days after transplanting (DAT) and continued up to 15 days before harvest. Water use efficiency (WUE) of rice was calculated by dividing the total yield with the total amount of water required during entire crop growth period by following formula : Water use efficiency = Y/WR (t ha^-1cm^-1), Where, Y = grain yield (t ha^-1), WR = total amount of water used (cm).Statistical Analysis - All the data recorded for different parameters were tabulated in proper form for the statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was done following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with the help of computer package MSTAT program and the mean differences were adjudged by the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR); ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online); Vol. 5, No. 5, p. 124-133, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the experimental findings, the yield and yield contributing characters of the three rice mutant lines and the check variety were significantly affected by the application of irrigation water at different growth stages. The highest and lowest grain yields were as 6.94 t ha^-1 in treatment T₄ (irrigation applied to make 5 cm standing water 7 days disappearance of previous water) and 5.60 t ha^-1 in treatment T₀ (Continuous ponding (3-5 cm of water)). The individual yield performance of the three rice mutant lines and the check variety revealed that the mutant line (V₂) RM-200©-1-1 produced the highest yield of 6.79 t ha^-1 in treatment T₂ and the mutant line (V₁) RM-200©-1-17 produced the lowest yield in treatment T₁. Thus, among the three mutant lines, the mutant line (V₂) RM-200©-1-1 showed superiority over the other two mutant lines. In Boro season, the highest and lowest water use efficiencies were obtained as 0.216 t ha^-1 cm^-1 and 0.033 t ha^-1 cm^-1 in treatments T₄ and T₀, respectively. Continuous standing water in the rice field, which is an usual practice in Bangladesh, was not found to give optimum yield. Rather it is better to apply irrigation water 7 days after disappearance of previous water.

Knowledge Management: Journal