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Screening of Wheat Genotype for Water Deficit Condition

M. MASUMA AKHTER
Wheat Research Centre, BARI

AKBAR HOSSAIN
Wheat Research Centre, BARI

M. A. Z. SARKER
Wheat Research Centre, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted in consecutive two years (2013-14 and 2014-15) in the research field of Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, Dinapur for identifying wheat genotypes which are able to produce considerable yield under water deficit conditions. In first year treatments were: 30 selected wheat genotypes with three water regimes were arranged in split plot design with three replications, where three water regimes {i.e., fully water deficit condition (no irrigation up to harvest), one irrigation (only applied at CRI stage) and control (three irrigation- one at CRI stage, second at booting stage and third at grain filling stage)} were arranged under main plots and 30 genotypes in sub-plots. Considering on yield performance and the lowest grain yield reduction in water deficit conditions (no irrigation and one irrigation) as compared with control (three irrigation), 6 genotypes i.e., BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BAW 1118, BAW 1130, E-18 and E-38 were selected for second year (2014-15) repetition for final confirmation. In the second year, these 6 genotypes were arranged in two water regimes (no irrigation, three irrigation) conditions, where two water regimes {i.e., 1. fully water deficit condition (no irrigation up to harvest) and 2. control (three irrigation- one at CRI stage, second at booting stage and third at grain filling stage)} were arranged under main plots and 6 genotypes (BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BAW 1118, BAW 1130, E-18 and E-38) in sub-plots. Considering on yield performance and the lowest grain yield reduction in water deficit condition as compared with three irrigation, two years result reveal that BAW 1118 was the best performing genotypes, followed by E-38, BARI Gom 25 and BAW 1130 was the susceptible genotype in water deficit condition.

Keywords: Drought prone area, Genotypic variation, Water deficit, Wheat

Location: Nashipur, Dinapur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To determine suitable genotypes for drought prone areas and to observe the genotypic variation under water deficit condition.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in consecutive two rabi season (2013-14 and 2014-15) in research field of Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur. In first year treatments were: 30 selected wheat genotypes with three water regimes were arranged in split plot design with three replications, where three water regimes {i.e., fully water deficit condition (no irrigation up to harvest), one irrigation (only applied at CRI stage) and control (three irrigation- one at CRI stage, second at booting stage and third at grain filling stage)} were arranged under main plots and 30 genotypes in sub-plots. In the second year, selected 6 genotypes (which were selected from 30 genotypes) were arranged in two water regimes (no irrigation, three irrigation) conditions, where two water regimes {i.e., 1. fully water deficit condition (no irrigation up to harvest) and 2. control (three irrigation- one at CRI stage, second at booting stage and third at grain filling stage)} were arranged under main plots and 6 genotypes (BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BAW 1118, BAW 1130, E-18 and E-38) in sub-plots. Seed rate for all genotypes were 120 kg ha^-1. WRC recommended fertilizers i.e., N-P-K-S-B-Zn @ 100-27-50-20-4.5-1. All of TSP, MoP, gypsum, boric acid, zinc sulphate and two-third of urea were used as basal during final land preparation but in case of no irrigation treatment all fertilizers were applied as basal dose. Rest urea was applied as top-dress at 18 days after sowing (DAS) followed by first irrigation in the treatment of one irrigation and three irrigation plot. Provax-200 treated seeds were sown in lines 20 cm apart on 27 November 2013 according to treatments. Furadan 5G was broadcasted @ 10 kg ha^-1 for controlling soil borne insect. Mulching was done at 26 DAS. A hand weeding was done at 42 DAS. It is noted that fully water deficit (no irrigation) and one irrigation plots were covered by polythene up to harvest. Data on minimum, maximum and mean temperature, relative humidity and total rainfall during two wheat growing seasons (2013-14 and 2014-15) and two years soil moisture status which were recorded by the following formula:

% Moisture in soil (θ) = Wet soil (g) - Dry soil (g) / Dry soil (g) ×100

Crop was harvested at full maturity as par treatments. The grain yield weight was adjusted to 12% moisture. Data were analyzed statistically and the means were compared by the LSD at 1 % level of significance

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Wheat Research Centre, BARI--2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In context of Bangladesh, for the growing of spring wheat, the irrigation is very much essential in the stages of crown root initiation (CRI), late booting stage and grain filling. Application of irrigation at CRI stage influences the more tiller initiation and the sound growth and development of wheat. But, water deficit is very common in many areas of the world as well as Bangladesh and ground water table is rapidly decreasing day by day. As a result, irrigated wheat is facing temporary drought stress in critical growth phases like tillering, booting and grain filling that reduces wheat yield. Therefore, screening of wheat genotypes against drought stress condition might be very useful in this aspect. The study was conducted in consecutive two years (2013-14 and 2014-15). In first years, 30 wheat genotypes were tested in three water regimes {i.e., fully water deficit condition (no irrigation up to harvest), one irrigation (only applied at CRI stage) and control (three irrigation- one at CRI stage, second at booting stage and third at grain filling stage. Considering on yield performance (ranges from 434 to 628 g m^-2 in no irrigated plot and 621 to 785 in one irrigated plots) and the lowest grain yield reduction (ranges 16 to 48% in no irrigated plots and 2 to 23 % in one irrigated plots) in water deficit conditions as compared with control, 6 genotypes i.e., BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BAW 1118, BAW 1130, E-18 and E-38 were selected for second year (2014-15) repetition. In the second year, selected 6 genotypes were grown in two water regimes (no irrigation, three irrigation) condition. Similar to first year on yield performance and the lowest grain yield reduction in water deficit condition, two years result reveal that BAW 1118 was the best performing genotypes, followed by E-38, BARI Gom 25.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings