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Genotypic Variations in Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Soybean Genotypes Under Drought Stress Conditions

J. A. Chowdhury
Senior Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

M. A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706

Q. A. Khaliq
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

A. R. M. Solaiman
Professor
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

J. U. Ahmed
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out in a venylhouse at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman University during 2012 to investigate the growth, yield and yield contributing characters of ten selected soybean genotypes viz. Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BARI Soybean-5, BD2331, BD2329, BD2336, BD 2340, BGM2093, G00015 and BGM2026 under drought stress and control conditions. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot and root dry weight of all the genotypes were significantly affected by the stress. Among the genotypes Shohag, BARI Soybean-6 and BD2331 were found tolerant in relation to the growth under water stress conditions. The reduction in RGR values was more in the susceptible genotypes at the later stages of growth than in the tolerant genotypes. Seed yield of the genotypes was reduced from 42 to 68% due to drought (water) over non-stress. Susceptible genotypes showed greater reduction in seed yield than the tolerant genotypes.

Keywords: Genotype, growth, Yield and yield components, Droght stress

Location: Veny house at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman University during 2012

Start Date: 02-02-2012

End Date: 25-05-2012

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

Objective of the study was to investigate the growth, yield and yield contributing characters of ten selected soybean genotypes under drought stress and control conditions.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in a venylhouse constructed at the Environmental Stress Research Site in Agronomy farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during February to May 2012. Six relatively tolerant soybean genotypes viz., Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BARI Soybean-5, BD2331, BD2329 and BD2336 and four susceptible viz, BD2340, BGM2093, G00015 and BGM2026 altogether selected from the previous experiment which were grown in plastic pots. The soil of the pot was filled with mixture of soil and cow dung at a ratio of 4:1. Pot contained 12.0 kg of soil which was equivalent to 9 kg oven dry soil and holds about 28% moisture at field capacity (FC). Soil use in the plastic pot was sandy loam and was fertilized uniformly with 0.15, 0.18, 0.36 and 0.1 g urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum corresponding to 24-30-60-15 kg NPK and S hectare^-1, respectively. Total amount of all fertilizers were mixed with soil before the sowing of seeds. Six seeds of each genotype were sown in each pot on 2 February 2012 and later thinned to three healthy seedlings per pot. Most of the seedlings emerged within 7 days after sowing. Plants of each pot received adequate watering regularly to maintain optimal soil moisture until the water stress treatment was imposed. Adequate plant protection measures were taken to keep the plants free from diseases, insects and weeds through the growing season. Plants of all the genotype were subjected to two levels of water regime viz., S₀ = Non-stress (Control); water was applied as and when it is required and S_w = Drought stress (Water stress) throughout the growing period; pots were irrigated with water at 50% field capacity at appearance of wilting symptom. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Three plants pot^-1 considered as one replication. After 21 days after emergence (DAE), water stress treatments were applied. Total dry matter of shoot and root was measured at different growth stages (vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages) by oven drying at 70^oC to a constant weight. For each and every sampling of all treatments four times number of replicated pots were maintained. Roots were washed thoroughly in tap water and blotted dry before drying. The leaf area plant^-1was measured with an automatic area meter at vegetative, flowering and pod development stages. Yield and yield components were also determine at harvest. Relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated by using the formula. Yield contributing characters viz. number of pods plant^-1, seeds pod^-1, 100 seed weight and seed yield were measured at harvest. The recorded data were analyzed by ‘MSTAT-C’ statistical package. The difference between the treatments means were compared by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 537-550, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The ten genotypes showed marked variations in plant growth characters, yield and yield attributes under water stress condition. Genotypes Shohag, BARI Soybean-6 and BD2331 were relatively water stress tolerant than others in respect of physiological adaptation associated with yield attributes and seed yield under water stress condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal