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Genetic Diversity of Maize (zea Mays L.) Inbreds Under Salinity Stress

M. M. Rohman
Senior scientific officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

B. R. Banik
Director
Training and Communication, BARI

A. Biswas
Scientific officer
Plant Breeding Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jessore

M. S. Rahman
Senior scientific officer
Irrigation Division, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of some maize inbreds under salinity stress condition using Mahalanobis’s statistic (D₂) and principal component analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for all the characters. Results of multivariate analysis revealed that twenty five inbred lines formed five clusters at 8 dS level of salinity. The highest intra-cluster distance was recorded in cluster III containing eight genotypes and the lowest was in cluster II having one genotype. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between clusters II & V and lowest was between I & III. Cluster II had the highest cluster means for plant height, cob height, above ground dry mass, cob per plant, cob length, and grain yield per plant. Considering cluster distance, inter-genotypic distance and other agronomic performances the genotypes CZ12, CZ19, CZ26, CZ29, CZ31, CZ32, CZ33 & CML470 from cluster III and CZ27, CZ37, CML251 and CML456 from cluster V may be considered as better parents for future hybridization programs to obtain desirable segregate in respect of different yield and yield contributing characters under salinity stress.

Keywords: Maize, inbred lines, genetic divergence, salinity stress, cluster analysis, grain yield

Location: Research farm of Irrigation Division, coordinated by Plant Breeding Division of BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To investigate the genetic diversity of some maize inbreds under salinity stress condition using Mahalanobis’s statistic (D₂) and principal component analysis.

Methodology:

Twenty five genotypes of maize, locally developed through recycling by plant breeding division, BARI, Gazipur were grown in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications at the research farm of Irrigation Division, coordinated by Plant Breeding Division of BARI, Gazipur, during rabi season of 2011-2012. Seeds of each inbred were sown uniformly into the soil of plastic pots by hand. The plastic pots were placed according to the FAO standard irrigation system for supplying the saline water. The soil was made wet by normal saline water. The seedlings emerged six to eight days after sowing. The seedlings were thinned to one per pot after ten days of emergence. Irrigation was given at two leaves stage with 8 dS concentration of saline water and repeated at 15 days interval. Fertilizers were applied @ 120, 80, 80, 20, 5 and 1 kg/ha of N, P, K, S, Zn and B respectively. Standard agronomic practices were followed and plant protection measures were taken when required. Data were collected on grain yield/plant, plant height, above ground dry mass, cob per plant, cob height, cob length and cob diameter. Genetic diversity was estimated using Mahalanabis generalized distance (D2) extended. Tocher’s method was followed to determine the group constellation. Canonical variate analysis was performed as per Rao (1964) to confirm the results of cluster D2 analysis. Mean data for each character was subjected to both univariate and multivariate analysis. Univariate analysis of the individual character (analysis of variance) was done by computer using MSTAT-C software. Genetic diversity of twenty five genotypes at 8 dS level of salinity was analyzed using GENSTAT 5.13 software program.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 529-536, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The cob length, cob diameter and grain yield per plant had maximum contribution to the genetic divergence among the genotypes. The cluster means of cluster II for plant height, cob height, above ground dry mass, cob per plant, cob length and grain yield per plant was also divergent. These indicated that the genotype included in cluster II were very important to contribute to the total divergence among the inbreds for these characters. Cluster I provided the highest cluster means for cob diameter which indicated that the inbred lines within this cluster could be used for increasing cob diameter in maize. Inbreds of cluster II and I may be selected for hybridization for obtaining desirable segregants for these traits under salinity stress.

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