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Toxicity of Arsenic on Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice

M.A. Hossain
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. N. Uddin
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. K. M. G. Sarwar
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study examined the effect of arsenic (As) on the germination and seedling growth of rice. Eight different concentrations of As viz., 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mg As L^-1were tested on 5 rice varieties viz., BR11, BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan3l, BRRI dhan34 and BRRI dhan37. Arsenic contaminated water adversely affected the seed germination and various growth parameters e.g. seedling height, number of leaves seedling^-1, length of primary leaf, length of coleoptile, number of roots seedling^-1, average root length, and total dry matter of 10-day old seedlings. Germination and seedling growth of the rice varieties suffered at different magnitude in response to the added As supplied as solution during germination. Water containing 10 mg As L^-1 had full inhibitory effect on the germination of seeds in all studied rice varieties. Whereas 8 mg As L^-1 caused germination reduction by 5.5% (93.93% reduction over control) compared to 90.6% in control. The total dry matter yield of 10-day old seedlings varied between 1.02 to 11.66 mg seedling^-1 in the 0 to 8.0 mg As L^-1. Therefore, appropriate precautionary measures should be taken during raising of rice seedling in the arsenic affected areas of Bangladesh. Tolerance to As at the germination and seedling stage might be used as a selection criterion for As tolerant varieties.

Keywords: Arsenic, Rice, Germination, Seedling growth

Location: Experimental Field of Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2006

End Date: 00-12-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To study effect of arsenic (As) on the germination and seedling growth of rice.

Methodology:

The laboratory experiment was conducted at the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Eight different concentrations of arsenic viz., 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mg As L^-1 were evaluated on seed germination and seedling growth of 5 rice varieties viz., BR11, BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan3l, BRRI dhan34 and BRRI dhan37. Arsenic was supplied as a solution of Na₂HAsO₄.7H₂O. The highest As treatment (10.0 mg As L^-1) of this study was much higher than the reported maximum level of As (2.0 mg As L-1) in irrigation water of Bangladesh. All the seeds of the respective varieties were surface sterilized by soaking them in 1% NaOCl for one minute followed by rinsing with deionized water. Germination of seeds was tested on moist filter paper (Whatman No.1). Two filter papers were placed on each of 15.0 cm diameter Petri dishes. Each Petri dish was then moistened with 10 mL of respective As solution. Fifty sterilized seeds of each variety were laid on filter paper bed in each Petri dish. Each dish was then covered by a lid, and incubated at room temperature (28°-32°C). Each treatment was replicated three times following randomized complete design (CRD). The seeds were allowed to germinate and grow for 10 days. During this period the Petri dishes were moistened by respective solutions of As when needed. Lids of all the dishes were removed during plumule growth. Data were recorded from 10-day old seedlings on germination, seedling height, number of leaves seedling^-1, length of primary leaf, length of coleoptile, number of roots seedling^-1, average root length, and total dry matter seedling^-1. Experimental data were analyzed statistically by using MSTAT-C computer package following ANOVA technique and the means were separated by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Soc. Agric. Sci. Technol., 4(1&2): 153 - 156, (2007)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Therefore, appropriate precautionary measures like use of surface water or As free irrigation water, tolerant varieties etc., should be taken during raising of rice seedling in the arsenic affected areas of Bangladesh. Tolerance to As at germination and seedling stages might be used as a selection criterion for As tolerant varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal