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Combined Effect of Mulch Materials and Organic Manure on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce

Md. Asaduzzaman,
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Shamima Sultana
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Md. Arfan Ali
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2009 to January 2010. Four levels of mulch materials viz. M₀ = No mulching, M₁ = Dry water hyacinth, M₂ = Black polythene and M₃ = Dry rice straw and four levels of organic manure viz. OM₀= no organic manure, OM₁ = Cow dung (20 t ha^-1), OM₂ = Poultry manure (10 t ha^-1) and OM₃ = Vermicompost (10 t ha^-1) were also used as experimental variables. The results showed that most of the growth parameters were influenced by the mulch materials and organic manure. All the parameters viz. number of leaves plant^-1, leaf length (cm), leaf breath (cm), dry matter accumulation (%), yield (g plant^-1) and yield (t ha^-1) performed better in case of M₂OM₃, while the minimum growth and yield parameter were obtained from M₀OM₀ (control) at each observation stage. Although the highest gross and net returns were obtained from the M₂OM₃ and it was apparently from the above results that the treatment combination of M₂OM₃ was more profitable compared with other treatments but from economic point of view treatment M₁OM₂ (3.37) was more economic than the M₂OM₃ (3.14).

Keywords: Mulch materials, organic manure, growth and yield

Location: Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2009

End Date: 00-01-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Lettuce

Objectives:

To find out the combined effect of mulch materials and organic manure on the growth and yield of lettuce

Methodology:

The present experiment was carried out in the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. During the period from October 2009 to January, 2010. The soil of the experimental area belongs to the Madhupur Tract under AEZ No. 28. Four mulch materials viz. M₀ = No mulching Control), M₁= Dry water hyacinth, M₂ = Black polythene and M₃ = Dry rice straw were used as a mulch materials and four levels of different organic manure such as OM₀= No organic manure (Control), OM₁ = Cowdung 20 t ha^-1), OM₂ = Poultry manure (10 t ha^-1) and OM₃= Vermicompost (10 t ha^-1) were used for the investigation of combined effect on lettuce. Green Span was used in the experiment as planting material which was sown 29 October, 2009. The experiment was laid out Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and size of the each unit plot was 2.0 m × 2.0 m. The experimental plot was partitioned into the unit plots in accordance with the experimental design cowdung; poultry manure and vermicompost were applied as per treatments during the final land preparation. The soil was treated with fungicide cupravit against the fungal attack. Mulches of dry water hyacinth, black polythene sheet and dry rice straw were applied immediately before seedling transplanting while small holes were made on black polythene sheet at proper spacing before seedling transplanting. Healthy and uniform sized seedlings were transplanted in the main field on November 29, 2009. During transplanting a spacing of 40 cm × 25 cm between row to row and plant to plant was the borders of the experimental plots for gap filling with a watering can to the plots once immediately after transplanting in every alternate day in the evening up to 1 harvest. Further irrigation was done and when needed. Weeding was done to keep the plots free from weeds; Harvesting was done at different growth stage. First harvesting was done at 20 days after transplanting. Second, third and forth harvesting were done 30, 40 and 50 days after transplanting, respectively. Different yield contributing data have been recorded from the mean of five harvested sample plants which was selected at random from each unit plot. The data obtained for different parameters were statistically analyzed to find out the significance difference of mulching and organic manure on yield and yield contributing characters of lettuce. The mean values of all the characters were calculated and analysis of variance was performing by the ‘F’ (variance ratio) test. The significance of the difference of means among the treatment combinations was estimated by the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability. The cost of production was analyzed in order to find out the most economic treatment of mulch material and organic manure. All input cost included the cost for lease of land and interests on running capital in computing the cost of production. The interests were calculated @ 13% in simple rate. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was calculated.

Source of Information: Am-Euras. J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 9 (5): 504-508 (2010)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All mulch materials and organic manure were beneficial to obtain high yield especially black polythene mulch and vermicompost was more beneficial for production more yield but economic point of view dry water hyacinth with poultry manure was the best to produce lettuce which was economically acceptable than others.

Knowledge Management: Journal