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Land Use Change and Its Impact on Ecosystem Services, Livelihood in Tanguar Haor Wetland of Bangladesh

M R Uddin
Scientific Officer
CRP-Hill Agriculture, Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, Dhaka-1205

M G U Miah
Professor
Department of Agroforesty and Environment, BSMARU, Gazipur-1706

M S I Afrad
Associate Professor
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, BSMARU, Gazipur-1706

H Mehraj
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, Ehime 790-8556, Japan

M S H Mandal
Scientific Officer
CRP-Hill Agriculture, Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, Dhaka-1205

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Demographic characteristics Tanguar haor showed that most of the respondents were old aged and had primary level of education; most of the family size was medium with small farm size and most of the respondents were fisherman with poor level of income. The most notable changes of land use pattern was increased in settlement and decreased in seasonal freshwater marshes. Highest adopted rice variety was BRRI dhan28 and lowest adopted rice variety was Basful. Regarding forest/wood tree species, Pongamia pinnata and Barringtonia acutangula were found to increase, while fruit species were decreased. Area and species of swamp forests were increased, while fish and bird species were drastically reduced. Siltation and rising up of river bed were increased, while some haors already became dead. Haor water was reported to pollute now-a-days and quality of drinking water was also decreased. Major problems were damage of road, houses and crops due to major natural disaster flash flood. Multipurpose shelters establishment, infrastructure development and new accommodation for community people during disaster were some important suggestions provided by respondents for better management of wetland ecosystem and improvement of livelihood exist therein.

Keywords: Socioeconomic, Demographic, Respondents, Resource, Change and wetland ecosystem

Location: Tahirpur Upazila under Sunamganj District, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-06-2012

End Date: 00-12-2012

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

To document the socioeconomic and demographic profile of respondents in the study area
To identify the changes of resource availability, problems and formulate suggestions for better management of wetland ecosystem in study area

Methodology:

Study site and period of the study: The study was carried out at Tahirpur Upazila under Sunamganj District, Sylhet, Bangladesh from June to December, 2012. Selection of study site: Study sites were selected having a short visit to the area after discussion with the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Fisheries Department, Forest Department and Beneficiaries. A near place where people are directly involved with crop cultivation and fishing for their livelihood. Co-operation of Sub Assistant Agriculture Officer (SAAOs) of these selected areas for conducting study. Tanguar haor: One third of Tanguar haor lies in Tahirpur Upazila and remainder in Dharmapasha Upazila, both within Sunamganj. About 50% Tanguar haor area (5,682 ha) is water bodies, followed by 31% crop land also about 50 beels and perennial flooded parts of the haor are rich in fish. Sampling Technique: Three villages in Tanguar haor area under Tahirpur Upazila were purposively selected. The researchers collected a list of crop cultivation and fishing dependent people from the Upazila Agriculture Office and updated list was prepared with the help of local leaders like chairman, members, SAAO and local NGO workers. About 492 household heads were considered as the population and 50 household heads were randomly selected as sample. A reserve list of 5 household heads was also prepared to use only when a respondents in the original list were not available for interview. Method of Data Collection: Direct interview method was used to collect data from the respondents. Before interviewing, brief introduction of the aims and objectives of the study were explained to respondents with the help of the local leaders and clarify to them that it had no adverse effect on them and then they provided their full co-operation. Researchers established rapport with respondents so that they did not feel any hesitation. Whenever any respondent felt any difficulty in understanding question, the researcher took utmost care to explain and clarify them properly. Then schedule was checked and verified to be sure that the answers were correct. Secondary data and other related information were collected from different sources like DAE, Fisheries department, Forest department, various literature and study report etc. Measurement of Variables: Age, education, farm size, family size. ocupation, estimation of income, Land use change over time, Change of rice varieties, Change of cultivation practices were measured. Statistical Analysis: The SPSS program was used to perform data analysis.

Source of Information: Scientia Agriculturae, 12 (2) : 78-88 (2015)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Land use change has been highlighted as a key human-induced affect on ecosystem services. The most notable changes of land use pattern that greatly influence on the ecosystem of the study area and livelihoods. Therefore, appropriate steps should be taken by the concerned authorities in order to face the challenges of wetland ecosystem of Tanguar haor areas in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal