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Performance of Mustard Under Dry Land Condition with Deep Placement of Seeds and Fertilizer

M.S. Islam
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Barind Station, laxmipur Bhatapara Rajshahl-6000

N.K. Kar
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Barind Station, laxmipur Bhatapara Rajshahl-6000

M.S. Islam
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Barind Station, laxmipur Bhatapara Rajshahl-6000

M.S. Rahman
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Barind Station, laxmipur Bhatapara Rajshahl-6000

A.M. Musa
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Barind Station, laxmipur Bhatapara Rajshahl-6000

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An on-farm trial was carried out with six fertilizer placements on the yield and yield components of mustard at the Farming Systems Research Site, Barind Station, Rajshahi during 1986- 87 to 1988-89. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 80-60-40-20 kg/ha of N-P₂-0₅-K₂0-S in the form of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively. Seed and straw yields of mustard varied significantly among the methods of fertilizer application. The highest seed yield was obtained when fertilizers were placed at a depth of 10 cm by funnel and the lowest yield recorded when no fertilizer was applied. Deep placement of fertilizers increased 45% seed Yield over the control in three years. Higher net returns were obtained from deep placement treatments which involved higher costs. Other yield parameters like plant height, siliqua per plant, 1000- seed weight also differed significantly due to different fertilization techniques. The results suggest that the fertilizers under dry land condition should be placed at the feeding zone of mustard plants and seeds should be sown in line for higher yield.

Keywords: Seed placement, Fertilizer, Net return, Yield, Mustard

Location: Farming Systems Research Site, Barind Station, Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-00-1986

End Date: 00-00-1989

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To find out the best fertilizer placement method for mustard cultivation in the High Barind Tract under dry land condition.

Methodology:

An on-farm trial was conducted at Farming Systems Research Site, Barind Station, Rajshahi during the rabi season of 1986-87 to 1988-89 under dry land condition. The experimental site was a highland with clay loam textured soils having pH 6.5 and 0.8% organic matter. The initial nitrogen, phosphorus, potasium and sulfur contents a the soils were 0.06% and 15.0, 59.0 and. 10.0 ppm, respectively. The newly released mustard variety Daulat was used as the test crop. The experiment consisted of the following treatments:

T₁ = No fertilizer applied and seeds sown in line, T₂= Fertilizers applied in broadcast method and seeds sown in line, T₃ = Fertilizers placed at a depth of 10 cm by a funnel and seeds sown In line, T₄= Fertilizers placed at a depth of 5 cm in furrows and seeds sown In furrows, T₅= Fertilizers placed at a depth of 5 cm in furrows and seeds sown In broadcast method, T₆= Both fertilizers and seeds were sown in broadcast method (control)

The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four compact replications having the unit plot size of 4m x 3m in every year. The crop was sown on 5-10 November in three years. The seed rate was 10 kg/ha with row spacing of 30 cm. The fertilizer dose was 80-60-40-20 kg/ha of N-P₂O₅-K₂O-S applied as basal according to the treatments at sowing time through urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively. The plant protection chemical Nogos was applied twice at the rate of 800 ml/ha against the aphids during the flowering and grain filling stages. The crop matured from 80 to 86 days after sowing. Data on Yield components were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants in each plot, and seed and straw Yields were recorded from the bulk sample on whole plot basis. Soil moisture data were also collected up to 75 cm depth from sowing to maturity at 15 day intervals in 1987-88 and 1988-89 following oven drying. Data were statistically analyzed following the F-test and Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. Partial budget analysis was done to compare the economic performance of different fertilizer application methods considering the market prices of inputs and outputs.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 25 (2): 187-193, July, 1998

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest seed yield was obtained when fertilizers were placed at a depth of 10 cm by funnel and the lowest yield recorded when no fertilizer was applied. Deep placement of fertilizers increased 45% seed Yield over the control in three years. Higher net returns were obtained from deep placement treatments which involved higher costs. Other yield parameters like plant height, siliqua per plant, 1000- seed weight also differed significantly due to different fertilization techniques. The results suggest that the fertilizers under dry land condition should be placed at the feeding zone of mustard plants and seeds should be sown in line for higher yield. However, the variable costs were 38 and 34% higher in T₃ and T₄, respectively. The cost analysis might suggest that more refined techniques for deep placement of seeds and fertilizers should be developed to reduce the costs.

Knowledge Management: Journal