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Rice and Wheat Yield Gap Between P, K Optimum and Deficient Areas of Bangladesh: a GIS Database Review

M. J. Uddin
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. H. Rahman
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Yield gap between the highest yield in P and K optimum areas and least yield in P and K deficient areas is about 0.40 t/ha for rice and 1.42 t/ha for wheat respectively. P and K deficient area will be increased and trend of stated yield gap between the P and K optimum highest yield areas and P and K deficient areas will be continued. So, use of P and K fertilizer at recommended doses should be applied to reduce the yield gap for rice and wheat based cropping pattern and to maintain soil health.

Keywords: Rice, Wheat, Yield gap, P and K deficient

Location: Soil Resources Development Institute (SRDI), Krishi Khamar Sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: GIS

Objectives:

Objective of the study was to determine the better nutrient management practices, increasing crop production at farmer's level, identification of specific nutrient deficient areas of the country and yield gap between P and K optimum with P and K deficient areas for increasing yield of rice and wheat in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Phosphorus deficient areas of Bangladesh as identified by Soil Resources Development Institute (SRDI) can be categorized at the four distinct level. The P deficient areas are depicted below; i) P content is predominantly low (area about 1,732,304 ha) in the soils of Sunamganj, Sylhet, Moulvibazar, Habiganj, Netrokona (part), Kishoreganj (part) which lies between 91°00' to 92°30' east longitude and 24°00' to 25°08' north latitude and in the hill districts of Khagrachhari, Rangamati and Bandarban and situated in between 92°00' to 92°35' east longitude and 22°45' to 23°35' north latitude. ii) P is mainly low with some medium (area about 251,561 ha) in the soils of Gazipur, Tangail (part), Jamalpur (part), Mymensingh (part) and situated in between 90°00' to 90°451 east longitude and 23°35' to 24°40' north latitude. iii) P status is mainly low with medium (area about 1,770,223 ha) in the soils of Brahmanbaria, Narsingdi (part), Narrayanganj, Comilla, Chandpur, Munshiganj, Chandpur, Laxmipur, Feni (part), Noakhali which lies between 22°30' to 24°05' north latitude and 90°301 to 91°301 east longitude. This type of P status also occurs in the soils of Bhola, Patuakhali, Barguna, Pirojpur, Jhalkati, Bagerhat and Satkhira (part) and lies between 21°45' to 22°30' north latitude and 88°45' to 91°40' east longitude. iv) P status is mainly low with medium and some optimum (area about 1,877,917 ha) in the soils of Chapai-Nawabganj (part), Rajshahi, Natore, Pabna, Kushtia, Meherpur, Jhenaidah, Chuadanga, Magura, Rajbari, Faridpur, Manikganj(part), Shariatpur, Madaripur, Jessore, Narail, Satkhira (part), Khulna (part), Gopalgan), Bagerhat (part), Barisal (part) and situated between 22°30' to 24°40' north latitude and 88°0 I to 90°301 east longitude. This level of P also occurs in the soils of Comilla (part), Feni (part), Chittagong and Cox's Bazar districts and lies between 20°45' to 23°30' north latitude and 90°10' to 92°10' east longitude. Potassium deficient areas of Bangladesh can be categorized at the three distinct level. These levels have been illustrated; i) K is predominantly low (area about 2, 109,228 ha) in the soils of Panchagarh, Thakurgaon, Dinajpur (part), Joypurhat(part), Bogra (part), Rangpur, Rajshahi, Natore, Naogaon (part), Chapai Nawabganj (part), Gaibandha (part) and lies between 88°00' to 89°20' east longitude and 24°20' to 26°30' north latitude. This type of K status also occurs in the soils of piedmont areas of Mtymensingh, Sherpur, Netrokona, Sunamganj, Sylhet and lies between 90°00' to 92°20' east longitude and 24°50' to 25°05' north latitude. The other areas are Moulvibazar (part), Hobiganj (part), Comilla (part), Brahmanbaria, Chittagong (part), Cox's Bazar (part) and piedmont part of Hill Tract areas which situated in between 91°00' to 92°30' east longitude and 20°45' to 25°00' north latitude. ii) K is predominantly low with some medium and optimum (area about 841,296 ha) in the soils of Comilla, Chandpur, Brahmanbaria (part), Habiganj (part), Laxmipur, Noakhali, Feni (part), Bhola, Patuakhali (part), Munshiganj (part), Narrayanganj (part), Shariatpur (part), Madaripur (part), Gopalganj (part) and lies between 90°02' to 91°30' east longitude and 21°50' to 24°30' north latitude. iii) K is mainly low with medium (area about 310,165 ha) in the soils of Gazipur, Dhaka (part), and covers 90°00' to 90°45' east longitude and 23°30' to 24°20' north latitude. The other areas are Kishoreganj (part), Brahmanbaria (part), Narsingdi (part), Sunamganj, Moulvibazar (part) and lies between 90°40' to 91 °30' east longitude and 24°00' to 25°15' north latitude.

Source of Information: J. Soil Health & Environment, 2004: 1(2), 1-6; ISSN 1729-3413

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

If this trend of fertilizer use continues along with intensive cropping of high yielding varieties, the productivity of soils is found to be seriously affected in future. As a result, P, K deficient area will be increase and the trend of stated yield gap between the P K optimum highest yield areas and P and K deficient areas will be continues. So, use of P K fertilizer at recommended doses should be applied to reduce the yield gap for rice based cropping pattern.

Knowledge Management: Journal