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Fertigation Influence on the Yield and Quality of Strawberry

S. Pervin
Scientific Officer
Postharvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M.S. Islam
Associate Professor
School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur-1705

A.R. Akanda
Chief Scientific Officer
Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M.S. Rahman
Senior scientific officer
Horticultural Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The interactive effects of irrigation and fertilizers on the yields of BARI Stb.-1 and FA-016 were assessed at the central research station, Joydebpur during the rabi season of 2012-2013. Two drip irrigation levels i.e., alternate day and two days interval and three fertilizer doses viz., N₁₁₀K₁₁₀P₄₀S₂₅, N₉₀K₉₀P₄₀S₂₅and N₇₀K₇₀P₄₀S₂₅ with two different strawberry varieties were tested. Soluble fertilizers like N and muriate of potash were applied with water through drip irrigation system. First irrigation and fertilizer application were done at 30 and 32 days after transplanting (DAP), respectively. The cumulative effects of irrigation water, fertilizer doses and varieties are noticed that the lowest fertilizer dose (N₇₀K₇₀P₄₀S₂₅), alternate day irrigation and FA-016 strawberry variety produced highest yield and it might be suitable for strawberry cultivation in Joydebpur but it required longer cropping season (100 days) than that of BARI Stb.-1. Regarding the fruit quality, BARI Stb.-1 obtained higher TSS but had lower pH and Vitamin-C as compared to the FA-016. The seasonal water use varies from 422.3 to 606.6 mm for a better yield (176.44 to 761.60 g/plant) in Joydebpur under normal rainfall condition. The highest benefit cost ratio was seen in the variety of FA-016 (9.79) than that of BARI Stb.-1 (3.38) utilizing with alternate day irrigation and low fertilizer doses in both variety.

Keywords: Fertigation, Variety, Yield, Quality, Seasonal water use, Economic analysis

Location: The experimental field of Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Strawberry

Objectives:

To find out the interactive effects of irrigation and fertilizers on the yields of straw berry varieties viz., BARI Stb.-1 and FA-016.

Methodology:

Experimental site: The experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2012-2013 at the experimental field of Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. The soil of the experimental field was sandy clay loam with pH 6.49. The field capacity and wilting point were 28.5%, 14.4% (wet basis), respectively. The bulk density was 1.50 g/cc. There were two irrigation levels, three different fertilizer doses and two strawberry varieties in the experiments. Experimental design and treatment: The experimental plot was set in split-split design with three replications. The unit plot size was 2 m × 2.4 m with recommended plant spacing of 60 cm × 40 cm. Fertilizer doses are placed in sub plot and irrigation schedules are the main plot. In this experiment, there were two levels of irrigation viz., drip irrigations at an alternate day (I1) and drip irrigation at two days interval (I2); and three different levels of fertilizer doses such as high (F₁=N₁₁₀K₁₁₀P₄₀S₂₅), medium (F₂=N₉₀K₉₀P₄₀S₂₅) and low (F₃=N₇₀K₇₀P₄₀S₂₅ ) were used. Two strawberry varieties viz., BARI Stb.-1(V₁) and FA-016 (V₂) were used as plant material. There were six treatments viz., drip irrigation at an alternate day with high, medium and low fertilizer doses T₁, T₃ and T₅, respectively and drip irrigation at two days interval using same fertilizer doses T₂, T₄ and T₆, respectively. The irrigation treatment was started just after establishment of seedlings. Total amount of potassium in the form of triple super phosphate and other micronutrients were applied during final land preparation while the different doses of N and K in the form of urea and muriate of potash, respectively were applied with irrigation water into 4 equal splits. Cowdung was applied at the rate of 5.0 t/ha. The mixing ratio of fertilizer and water was 1:140. First fertigation was applied on December 2, 2012 and another three were applied after 20 days interval. Cultivation procedure: First, the soil is ploughed during summer with a soil turning plough which is followed by repeated ploughing to make soil friable, remove weeds and stubbles. Then, the seedlings of 20-25 days old were transplanted on 31 October 2012. The soil is frequently irrigated to reduce water stress in the leaf. The average dripper discharge was 4.3 liters/hr on an optimum condition. Irrigation was applied through drip system as per treatments to meet the crop evapotranspiration. After one month of transplanting, paddy straw at the rate of 5.0 t/ha was used for mulching to minimize soil temperature, conserve soil moisture, control weeds and keep the fruits off the soil. Runners of strawberry plants were removed 2/3 days after emergence. Weeding and spraying of insecticides were done as and when necessary. In open field experiment, crop faces severe attack of birds, insect, disease and pest. In this direction, netting is the best alternative and used it for quality and quantity production. Proper monitoring was continued and data were recorded during different stages of crop growth as well as timing of fruit harvest. Fully ripen fruits were harvested from 2 January to 31 March, 2013.Statistical analysis: The different yield parameters such as fruit length, diameter and weight, number of fruit grown and harvest in a plant, yield per plant; and different fruit quality parameters such as TSS, pH and Vitamin-C were recorded. All collected data were analyzed statistically using the MSTAT-C software and mean data were presented in the following sections.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 9(1):16-22, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

During the crop season, early flowering, fruiting and harvesting was found using higher fertilizer doses and late in the low doses of fertilizer. But, the highest yield was found per plant with alternate day irrigation, low fertilizer dose for FA-016 strawberry. This studies shown that the strawberry can be grown well under drip irrigation system in terms of quality yield. For more confirmation, this study would be continued for further investigation although a very good result as well as best return (BCR) was obtained.

Knowledge Management: Journal