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Livelihood Improvement of Small Farmers Through Family Poultry in Bangladesh

M. S. Islam
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishwardi, Pabna

I. A. Begum
Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. K. M. G. Kausar
Dept. of Agribusiness Management, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh,

M. R. Hossain
Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Md. Kamruzzamana
aAgricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishwardi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was undertaken to examine livelihood improvement of small farmers through family poultry by income and employment generation. The data were collected from 60 family poultry farms families from two upazila of Mymensingh district through direct interview method. As analytical tools simple statistical measures, Cobb Douglas production function was used to observe the impact of explanatory variables on gross return while problem confrontation index (PCI) was calculated in order to ascertain the extent of severity of problems confronted by family poultry farmers. It was found that family poultry farming was chosen by 100% farmers as subsidiary occupation. Small farmers earned an income of Tk. 3705.95 per year as net return from family poultry farming and it generated on average 53.23 working man days per year as employment especially for women. As regards of livelihood improvement, family poultry farming changed food habit, increased knowledge and skill, savings, social status, recreational facility, improved food nutritional condition, family health and sanitation and enhanced women empowerment. Among the explanatory variables observed bird cost, feed cost, labor cost had positive and significant impact on gross return and impact of transportation & marketing cost was positive but insignificant. Outbreak of disease was found as the main setback in family poultry production.

Keywords: Cost, return, Profitability, Employment generation and Income generation

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Income generation

Objectives:

Thus the present study attempted to examine income generation, factors affecting income generation, to inspect employment generation, to observe the impact of family poultry on livelihood improvement and to identify the problems faced by family poultry farmers.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted in two upazilas viz., Trishal and Sadar of Mymensingh district. In the study area, among identified 300 small farms (0.05-2.49 acres land holding) that have family poultry, 60 farm families were selected randomly. Primary data were collected by a pre-tested structured interview schedule through direct interview method during the months of January to March, 2013. Simple statistical measures such as mean, average, percentage were used for categorization and calculation of data. Describing the impact of selected independent variables (bird cost, feed cost, labor cost, medicare cost, transportation and marketing cost) on gross return multiple regression analysis (Cobb Douglas production function) was employed. The annual depreciation cost was worked out as follows: Depreciation = (Original value-salvage value)/Life time of the asset In order to ascertain the extent of severity of problems confronted by family poultry farmers problem confrontation index (PCI) was calculated. The problem confrontation index of any problem could form score 0 to 300 where ‘0’ indicating no problem, ‘300’ indicating high problem and it was computed by using the following formula: Problem Confrontation Index = Ph × 3 + Pm × 2 + Pl × 1 + Pn × 0 Where, Ph = Total number of the small farmers expressed ‘high’ problem. Pm = Total number of the small farmers expressed ‘medium’ problem. Pl = Total number of the small farmers expressed ‘low’ problem. Pn = Total number of the small farmers expressed ‘not at all’ problem

Source of Information: Intern. J. Bussin. Managt. Soci. Res. 01(02): 61-70, . (2015) DOI: 10.18801/ijbmsr.010215.07

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.journalbinet.com/uploads/2/1/0/0/21005390/livelihood_improvement_of_small_farmers_through_family_poultry_in_bangladesh.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Family poultry rearing have been practiced for a long time in Bangladesh. Family poultry plays a significant role in the nutritional enhancement, income generation, self-employment, poverty eradication, women empowerment and improving the livelihood of small farmers. The study found the benefit cost ratio of 1.90 from family poultry, which indicated that family poultry rearing is profitable venture and a yearly net return of Tk. 3705.95. The production function analysis indicates that 1 percent increase in bird and feed cost keeping other factors constant would result in increase in the gross returns by 0.38 percent and 0.45 percent for family poultry farm, respectively. It provides employment to the women at both the on and off season of crop farming. On average 53.23 man days employment was created by women per year. Overall it changed food habit, improved family health and sanitation, increased savings and enhanced women empowerment of the poultry farmers. Now-a-days family poultry faces several economic, social and natural, marketing and technical problems. To solve these problems ensuring training on disease control, housing, equipment, feeding, genetic improvement and marketing, availing feed availability, credit facility and good parent stock by the government and non-government organizations were the suggested measures by the farmers.

Knowledge Management: Journal