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Symptoms and Prevalence of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (tswv) Infection in Bangladesh

A. Farooq
MS student
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur- 1706, Bangladesh

A. M. Akanda
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur- 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An attempt was made to study the symptoms of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) and prevalence of its infection on eight tomato varieties namely BARI-T1 (Manik), BARI-T2 (Ratan), BARI-T3, BARI-T7 (Apurba), BARI-T8 (Shila), BARI-T9 (Lalima), BINA-T1 and BINA-T2. The study was conducted at the experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during November 2005 to March 2006.Irrespective of tomato varieties and stages of plant growth, TSWV symptoms were observed on tomato growing on the field remaining some asymptomatic plants. The highest and lowest prevalence of TSWV was recorded in BARI-T2 and BINA-T2, respectively. In all the varieties, virus prevalence was found higher at mid stage followed by late and early stages of infection. Considering TSWV infection BINA-T2 seemed to perform better in comparison to other varieties.

Keywords: Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Symptoms, Prevalence of infection

Location: Research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2005

End Date: 00-03-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To determine the status of eight tomato varieties against the virus
To study the symptoms of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during November 2005 to March 2006. The soil of the experimental field belongs to Salna series under the Agroecological Zone (AEZ)-28: Madhupur Tract. The texture of the soil was silty clay in surface layer and silty clay loam in subsurface (Rahman et al. 1998). The pH of the soil was 6 to 6.5.Eight tomato varieties namely BARI Tomato-1/Manik (BARI-T1),BARI Tomato-2/Ratan (BARI-T2),BARI Tomato-3 (BARI-T3), BARI Tomato-7/Apurba (BARI-T7), BARI Tomato-8/Shila (BARI-T8), BARI Tomato-9/ Lalima (BARI- T9), BINA Tomato-1 (BINA-T1) and BINA Tomato-2 (BINA-T2)were used in the experiment. The seeds of these tomato varieties were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur and Plant pathology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. After well prepared of the nursery bed the seeds of eight tomato varieties were sown on November 17, 2005. Proper care was taken to ensure good and healthy seedling development. The experimental field was ploughed and leveled to have a good tilth on December 2, 2005. Fertilizer dose was used as N-200 (applied in two splits, one at 21 and other at 35 days after transplanting), P₂O₅-100, K₂O-150, S-20 and B-2 kg/ha as suggested. Cow dung (5 t/ha) and all the fertilizers except urea were applied during final land preparation. The experiment was laid out following 8 x 2 x 3 factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The seedlings of eight tomato varieties grown in open nursery bed were carefully uprooted and transplanted in the main field on December 17, 2005. Forty-eight seedlings of each variety were transplanted in 3 m x 10 m unit plot maintaining 70 x 70 cm² spacing. Intercultural operations were done as and when required. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was identified on the basis of field symptoms and Single-Stranded Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP). The prevalence of TSWV was calculated by counting the plants infected every day on the basis of the symptoms caused by the virus. The plants were inspected every day morning to note the appearance and development of the symptoms of TSWV starting from transplantation to last harvest. The tomato plants remained asymptomatic until last harvest was designated as healthy plants. The data on the prevalence of TSWV were collected at three stages of the plant growth. Three growth stages of the plants were categorized as early (transplanting to first flowering), mid (first flowering to first fruiting) and late stage (first harvesting to last harvesting).The disease prevalence was expressed in percentage on the basis of stages as well as total i.e. average of the three stages. The perceent prevalence was computed using the formulae formula.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 2(5):51-58, 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experiment demonstrated that different symptoms of TSWV were observed on all of eight tomato varieties at different stages of plant growth. The prevalence of TSWV in eight tomato varieties in the field varied from 9-33% depending on stages of infection viz. early, mid and late stage. The maximum prevalence of the virus was recorded at mid stage followed by late and early stage of infection. On average of the three stages, the highest prevalence was found as 68% on BARI-T2, while the prevalence was ranged from 41-68% depending on the varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal