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Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Different Weeds on Germination and Early Growth of Aromatic Rice

Monira Yasmin
Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Md. Moshiur Rahman Akonda
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Md. Mokhlesur Rahman
Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Hari Pada Seal
Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2011 to investigate the allelopathic potential of different weeds on aromatic rice cv. BRRI dhan50. Six weed species viz., joina ( Fimbristylis miliacea ), mutha ( Cyperus rotundus ), khude shama ( Echinochloa colonum ), sobuj nakful ( Cyperus difformis ), foska begun ( Physalis heterophylla ) and chapra ( Eleusine indica ) were used in the experiment to observe their allelopathic effects on seed germination, root length, shoot length and dry matter production of aromatic rice. The result depicts that unboiled and boiled weed extracts have negative influence on germination and primary growth of aromatic rice. The ranking of weed species in respect of inhibitory effect on seed germination were Echinochloa colonum > Cyperus difformis > Cyperus rotundus > Eleusineindica > Fimbristylis miliacea > Physalis heterophylla. Khude shama ( Echinochloa colonum) and sobuj nakful ( Cyperus difformis ) had strong detrimental effects on the early growth of aromatic rice. The experimental results proved that it was important to exclude two allelopathic weeds namely khude shama ( Echinochloa colomum ) and sobuj nakful ( Cyperus difformis ) in the aromatic rice field. So, it can be concluded that these two weeds should be avoided from the aromatic rice field during land preparation.

Keywords: Allelopathy, Weed, Germination, Growth, Aromatic rice

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To observe the allelopathic effects of different weed species on seed germination and primary growth of aromatic rice cv. BRRI dhan50.

Methodology:

Six common weed species viz. joina (Lesser fimbristylis/ Fimbristylis miliacea ), mutha (Purple nutsedge /Cyperus rotundus ), khude shama (small burnyardgrass / Ehinochloa colonum ), sobuj nakful (Smallflower umbrellagrass / Cyperus difformis ), foska begun (Clammy ground cherry/ Physalis herophylla ) and chapra (Indian goosegrass /Eleusine indica ) collected from the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh; were used as treatment. Aromatic rice cv. BRRI dhan50 (Banglamoti) was used as test crop in the experiment. Collected weed species were washed, chopped and macerated separately. In a set, fresh weed mass (250 g) of each weed species was boiled in 1 L water and kept for 3 days with intermittent stirring. The extracts were filtered through filter paper. The filtrates were used as boiled extracts of weeds. In another set, 250 g fresh weed mass were decomposed in 1 L water for 7 days at normal room temperature. The extracts were filtered and used as unboiled extract. Thus boiled and unboiled extracts of each weed species were prepared and used in this experiment following the technique as stated. Twenty five seeds of aromatic rice were placed in each petridish lined with double layer of filter paper and treated with weed extracts. Fifteen milliliter aqeous extracts of different weeds were put in each petridish and a control set with distilled water was run simultaneously every time. The filter papers were kept constantly moist with distilled water. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 3 replications at room temperature (28 ± 1°C). Data on the following parameters were recorded: a) Germination (%) b) Days to complete germination c) Seedling growth and weight i) Root and shoot lengths ii) Root and shoot weights. The number of germinated seeds was counted from the beginning to completion of the seed germination and expressed in per cent. Mean time required for germination was calculated after counting the germinated seeds. The root and shoot lengths, fresh and dry weights of aromatic rice seedlings were measured 14 days after plating the seeds for germination. 10 plants were selected to each parameter and the average results were calculated from the test plants. The means for all treatments were calculated and analysis of variance for all characters was performed by F - test. The significance of difference between the pairs of means was calculated by LSD.

Source of Information: J. Bio. & Env. Sci. Vol. 7, No. 6, p. 236-241, 2016, ISSN: 2220-6663

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/JBES-Vol8No1-p236-241.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above findings it could be suggested that khude shama ( Echinochloa colonum ) and sobuj nakful ( Cyperus difformis ) had strong detrimental effect on aromatic rice. Therefore, the cited weeds must be taken into well care and it should be avoided from the aromatic rice field during land preparation. The experimental results proved that it was important to exclude these allelopathic weeds especially khude shama ( Echinochloa colonum ) and sobuj nakful ( Cyperus difformis ).

Knowledge Management: Journal