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Study on Virus-vector Relationship in Tylcv of Tomato

M. H. Rashid
Principal Scientific Officer
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

I. Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. S. Alam
Senior Scientific Officer
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. M. Zaman
Senior scientific officer
SRDI, Farmgate, Dhaka

A. Hannan
Scientific Officer
RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Institute (BARI), Gazipur to find out virus-vector relationship in TYLCV of tomato during 2000-2001. So far, 16 different viruses have been recorded on tomato in Bangladesh. Among these viral diseases, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) is considered as the most devastating one. Single whitefly has been found capable of transmitting TYLCV. The minimum acquisition feeding period, inoculation feeding period, pre-acquisition starvation period and post-acquisition starvation period required by B. tabaci to transmit the TYLCV were 30 minutes each. The young seedlings up to the age of 20 days were found to be highly vulnerable to the virus.

Keywords: TYLCV, Vector, Tomato

Location: Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To study on virus-vector relationship in TYLCV of tomato.

Methodology:

An investigation was carried out at Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur to observe the virus-vector relationship in TYLCV of tomato. The tomato plants having TYLCV infection were collected from the field and tested for TYLCV. Those plants which gave positive reaction of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test were used as TYLCV mother plant. Healthy colonies of whiteflies were maintained on eggplants under insect proof case and used throughout transmission study. A wooden micro-case of 60 cm X 60 cm was made, where the top was made by glass and side covered by 60 mesh nylon net which helped to protect whitefly inside the case. This micro-case was used for whitefly transmission. Determination of number of whiteflies required for transmission of TYLCV: This study was carried out to determine the minimum number of the viruliferous vector required for successful transmission of the virus. The whiteflies collected from the healthy colony were first allowed to feed on diseased plant by giving 12 hrs acquisitions feeding period and they were allowed to feed on healthy tomato seedlings of 20 days old for 12 hrs of inoculation feeding period. In case of acquisition feeding on diseased tomato plants, a known number of whiteflies viz. 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 whiteflies per seedling of test plant were allowed in the case. Afterward the plants were sprayed with Nuvacron (0.2%) to kill the whiteflies. Five tomato seedlings were used for each treatment and the experiment was repeated twice. Influence of acquisition feeding period on TYLCV transmission: To determine the minimum acquisition feeding period, the non-viruliferous whiteflies were collected in small case and were allowed to feed the diseased tomato plants by giving an acquisition feeding period of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hr, 2 hrs, 4 hrs, 6 hrs and 8 hrs after which they were transferred accordingly to healthy tomato plants for inoculation feeding period of 12 hrs. Five viruliferous whiteflies per plants were allowed for feeding the test plants for each test and then the plants were sprayed with Nuvacron (0.2%) for killing the whitefly. The seedlings were then allowed to grow. Influence of inoculation feeding period on TYLCV transmission: In order to determine the minimum inoculation feeding period, the whiteflies were allowed for an acquisition feeding period of 12 hrs. The viruliferous whiteflies were transferred to healthy tomato plants for inoculation feeding period of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hr, 2 hrs, 3 hrs, 4 hrs and 5 hrs. Five viruliferous whiteflies were allowed to feed on each test plant and the plants were sprayed with Nuvacron (0.2%). Later the seedlings were allowed to grow. Influence of pre-acquisition starvation period on TYLCV transmission: To determine the effect of pre-acquisition starvation feeding period on the rate of transmission of TYLCV, the non-viruliferous whiteflies were collected in small case and were allowed to starve for different periods viz., 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hr, 2 hrs, 4 hrs and 5 hrs. They were then given 12 hrs acquisition and 12 hrs inoculation feeding periods. After the treatment, the plants were sprayed with Nuvacron (0.2%) and then allowed to grow. Influence of post-acquisition starvation period on TYLCV transmission: To determine the effect of post-acquisition starvation feeding period on the rate of transmission of TYLCV, the non-viruliferous whiteflies were collected in small case and were allowed to acquire the virus for 12 hrs and then subjected them to different starvation period viz. 0.0 minute, 30 minutes, 1 hr, 2 hrs, 3 hrs and 4 hrs. Thereafter, an inoculation feeding period of 24 hrs was given for these whiteflies to feed on the test plants. Then the plants were sprayed with Nuvacron (0.2%) and finally allowed to grow. Effect of age of the tomato plant and its susceptibility to TYLCV: To determine the age of the tomato plants and its susceptibility of TYLCV, the seedlings were grown in nylon net box. Seedlings of nine days old were transplanted in 6 trays and covered by nylon net. The viruliferous whiteflies were collected and allowed for transmitting the virus to plants of 15, 20, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after transplanting. Thereafter, the plants were allowed to grow for studying the symptoms.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 3(1):1-6, 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study on the age of the tomato plants on the susceptibility of the virus, TYLCV made herein indicated that tomato plants could be infected at all growth stages. However, the young seedlings were recorded to be highly sensitive to TYLCV and thereafter, the susceptibility turn to reverse showing less susceptible to the virus.

Knowledge Management: Journal