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Hot Water Thermal Treatment for Controlling Seed-borne Mycoflora of Maize

M. M. E. Rahman
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gajipur

M. E. Ali
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gajipur

M. S. Ali
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gajipur

M. M. Rahman
Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gajipur

M. N. Islam
Scientific Officer
Seed Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to control seed-borne mycoflora of maize seeds using Barnali, Khai and Mohor variety. Efficacy of three different levels of hot water viz. 48^oC, 50^oC and 52^oC were evaluated against seven different fungi including three major pathogenic fungi- Bipolaris maydis, Cuvularia lunata and Fusarium. Seed treatment with hot water affects significantly to reduce seed-borne infection of maize. In an average of three varieties of maize, 60.47, 71.07 and 76.99% reduction of total seed-borne infection occurred and 19.31, 29.37 and 4.01% germination increased after the seed treatment with hot water of 48^oC, 50^oC and 52^oC respectively. Hot water treatment with 50^oC temperature for 15 minutes gave good result for controlling seed-borne fungi and maintaining better as well as safe germination of maize seeds.

Keywords: Hot water treatment, Seed-borne mycoflora, Maize

Location: Plant Pathology Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2005

End Date: 00-00-2005

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hot water treatment for controlling seed-borne mycoflora of maize with maintaining better germination of maize.

Methodology:

Collection of seed samples: Seed samples of 500 gm of three maize varieties viz Barnali Khai and Shuvra were collected from five shops of Local Market at Rangpur. After collection seeds were mixed together to make a composite sample. Then the seeds were kept for further studies in clothe bag and stored in refrigerator at Plant Pathology Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur. From the composite sample, working sample was done and when required. Seed treatment with hot water The hot water treatment of three varieties of seed was done with the help of vegetable seed treating device developed from IMP laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. At first seeds were soaked in normal water for 3-4 hrs. in a cotton fabric bag. Then 2 litters poured in the device below the red marking of the device. Six different level viz. 46^oC, 48^oC, 50^oC, 52^oC, 54^oC and 55^oC for were pre-studied for selecting the effective range of the seed treatment of maize using a composite sample of three varieties. From that trail three levels of hot water temperature were selected for the study on the basis of effective control of seed-borne pathogen as well as on higher and safe germination percentages. Two hundred seeds for each sample of Maize were treated with three different level of hot water treatment viz. 48⁰C, 50 ⁰C and 52 ⁰C as physical control by hot water treating box for 10 minutes. Seed incubation: The thermostat bulb was then regulated to fix the desired temperature. After the desired temperature obtained, the seeds were dipped in the water of the seed treating device for 15 min. Desired time was recorded through stopwatch. During the dipping the bag with the seeds was frequently stirred for uniform exposure of seeds to hot water and also to maintain uniform heat all over the tank. At the end of the treatment, seeds were taken out of the tank, drained off and spread on a piece of brown paper and shade dried. Then the seeds were plated for test. For testing, the seeds were plated by using Blotter technique. Four hundred seeds were taken from working sample for each treatment. Hundred seeds were taken for each of four replications. Detection of seed borne fungi: Treated seeds were taken randomly and placed on the moist filter paper in 10 replicated Petri dishes setting 10 seeds per plate. The seeds were then kept at 22 ±2ºC for seven days. After incubation the fungi grown on the seeds were identified under the stereo-microscope. The treated and untreated control seeds were analyzed for detection of seed-borne fungi. The means for all treatments were calculated and analyses of variance of all the characters were performed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 3(5):5-9, 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Seeds treated hot water of 50^oC gave good results for controlling seed borne fungal infections and germination of the seeds. So, 50^oC temperature of hot water may be used effectively for controlling of the seed-borne pathogens and for maintaining rational germination percentage of maize seeds.

Knowledge Management: Journal