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In Vitro Studies on the Reaction of Fungi Trichoderma to Different Herbicides Used in Tea Plantation

M. S. Islam
Scientific Officer
Plant pathology Division, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute

A. K Saha
Scientific Officer
Soil chemistry Division, Bangladesh Tea Research Institute

H. Q. M. Mosaddeque
Scientific Officer
Pest Management Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI)

M. R. Amin
Scientific Officer
Breeding Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, (BJRI), Dhaka

M. M. Islam
Assistan professor
Dept. of Agricultural Extension education and Rural Sociology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Plant Pathology laboratory of Bangladesh Tea Research Institute on September, 2006 paper investigated selected genus of Trichoderma and herbicides aimed at defining the effect of different concentrations on the development of mycelium of the isolates studied and spore germination. Five herbicides like T₀= Control (Blank), T₁= Glyphosate 41SL (2022.66 PPM), T₂= Paraquat 20 W/W (746.66 PPM), T₃= Bimaster 240/120 AS (1680.00 PPM), T₄= Kem- Amin 58 SL (2165.33 PPM) and T₅= Butachlor 5G (281.25 PPM) were considered as treatments. Concentrations (PPM) were calculated on the basis of their doses of applications recommended by BTRI. Herbicides were added with melted media separately maintaining the said concentrations of each. Trichoderma was isolated from tea soil by soil dilution method and maintained pure culture on PDA media. After preparation of spore suspension, it was plated with herbicides added PDA media. Every 24 hours observations revealed that Bimaster 240/120AS completely inhibited the growth of Trichoderma. Though the fungus structure was seen in the form of spot like sporulation on the PDA treated with Paraquat 20 W/W, Kem- Amin 58 SL and Butachlor 5G. But further these could not produce mycelium. Only 21-30% mycelial growth was found in cultured treated with Glyphosate 41 SL.

Keywords: Herbicidal effect, Trichoderma, Spore germination, Tea

Location: Plant Pathology laboratory of Bangladesh Tea Research Institute. Sylhet

Start Date: 00-09-2006

End Date: 00-12-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tea

Objectives:

To investigate the selected genus of Trichoderma and herbicides aimed at defining
To find out the effect of different concentrations of herbicides on the development of mycelium of the isolates studied and spore germination.

Methodology:

Preparation of culture media: Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media was prepared in the laboratory of Plant Pathology. Media and necessary glassware were sterilized in autoclave. Isolation of Trichoderma: Soils were collected from 15 different marks of tea areas under main farm of Bangladesh Tea Research Institute at 0-9 inches. All collected soil samples were mixed thoroughly to make a composite sample. As working samples 1 gram (dry weight basis) soil was taken from composite sample. 1 gram soil was mixed into 9 ml of sterile distilled water then 1 ml of suspension was taken into another tube containing 9 ml of sterile distilled water. This serial dilution technique was continued up to 1: 10,000. From the final dilution (1: 10,000), 1 ml suspension was transferred to each of the five petridishes. 20 ml of melted agar medium was poured in each plate and mixed with the suspension by giving a gentle whirling motion to the plate and allowed them to incubate in room temperature (Islam et al, 2001). Sub culturing was performed and the culture of Trichoderma in pure form was maintained. Concentration of herbicides: Five herbicides like T₀= Control (Blank), T₁= Glyphosate 41 SL (2022.66 PPM), T₂= Paraquat 20 W/W (746.66 PPM), T₃= Bimaster 240/120 AS (1680.00 PPM), T₄= Kem- Amin 58 SL (2165.33 PPM) and T₅= Butachlor 5G (281.25 PPM) were used in this experiment. Concentrations (PPM) were calculated on the basis of their doses of application recommended by BTRI. Specific volume of herbicides was added with melted media separately maintaining the said concentrations of each. Preparation of spore suspension: An inoculum of spores was placed in a tube of sterile water. A clean sterile pipette was used to transfer an aliquot, eg. 1 ml of this to a tube with 9 ml sterile water. This was continued up to decimal dilutions. In the final dilution, 1 ml spore suspension was added to melted agar that was treated with herbicides and then incubated at room temperature. The experiment was laid out with 6 treatments along with one control having 4 replications of each. Data were recorded in terms of growth of Trichoderma on PDA media.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 3(5):27-30, 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Bimaster 240/120 AS completely inhibited mycelium growth, weakened sporulation and spore germination of Trichoderma. Though the fungus was seen in the form of spot growth in cultures treated with Paraquat 20 W/W, Kem- Amin 58 SL and Butachlor 5G. But further these could not produce mycelium. Only 20-30% mycelial growth was noticed in cultured treated with Glyphosate 41 SL. Further research work regarding this with more herbicides should be initiated to confirm the present findings both in vitro and in vivo with more details.

Knowledge Management: Journal