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Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus Flabellatus) on Different Substrates

M. Z. Islam
Biotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

M. H. Rahman
Biotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

F. Hafiz
Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dr. Qudrat-e-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at the laboratory of Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205 during July 2000 to May 2001 to find suitable sawdust as substrate for growing Mushroom. Seven different type of substrates viz. Mango, Jackfruit, Coconut, Jam, Kadom, Mahogony, Shiris sawdust with wheat bran and CaCO₃ were evaluated to find their growth and yield of Mushroom. The maximum biological yield per packet was obtained with Mango sawdust (150 gm) followed by Mahogony (148 gm), Shiris (146 gm), Kadom (136 gm), Jam (114 gm), Jackfruit (97 gm) and Coconut sawdust (83 gm). The lowest yield was observed in Coconut sawdust (83 gm). However, highest return was obtained with Mango sawdust (Tk 24.86) while the lowest with Jackfruit sawdust (Tk11.68). Cost benefit analysis revealed that the Mango sawdust and Shiris sawdust were promising substrates for the growing of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus flabellatus).

Keywords: Mushroom, Sawdust, Biological yield

Location: The laboratory of Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205

Start Date: 00-07-2000

End Date: 00-05-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

Objective of the study was to find suitable sawdust as substrate for growing Mushroom.

Methodology:

Collection of sawdust: To study the influence of different substrates on the growth and yield of Mushroom, substrates used were Mango sawdust, Jackfruits sawdust, Jam sawdust, Kadom sawdust, Mahogony sawdust, Shiris sawdustand Coconut sawdust collected from Rajghat, Abhoynager, Jessore. Wheat barn was collected from local market. Media and culture: Potato dextrose agar (PDA) media was prepared by using dehydrated PDA medium. To obtain pure culture a small piece of the fruiting body of Mushroom and placed on the sterilized PDA media under aseptic condition. It was then kept for 7–10 days in an incubator under 25°C for sufficient growth. This pure culture was used for the entire experiment. Preparation of mother culture: Mother culture (MC) was prepared by using mango sawdust. The MC substance consisting 1.0 kg of sawdust, 500 gm fresh well dried wheat bran and 15 gm CaCO₃ for preparation of 30 bag of MC. The substrate was tightly packed and a hole was made (2/3 of its length) with sharp end stick at the centre to have the space to put the inoculums for uniform running of the mycelium. Then the bag was plugged with cotton and covered with brown paper placing a rubber band to hold it in place. The bags were autoclaved and kept 24 hours at room temperature for cooling. Then, a piece of PDA block from pure culture containing mycelia was placed through prepared hole of the bags. Preparation of substrates: Spawn packets of seven different substrates using sawdust of Mango, Jackfruit, Coconut, Kadom , Mahogony, Shiris, Jam plants were prepared separately. The spawn preparing substrate and wheat bran nutrient consisting 2:1 V/V and 1.0% CaCO₃were taken in a plastic bowl and mixed thoroughly by hand and moisture was increased by adding water until it reached 65%. A local method was developed for determination of moisture. In this method moisture was determined by passing a handful mixture. If there was no water run off and the material stayed in form indicates that the moisture content was around 65%. Preparation and culture of spawn packet: The spawn packets were prepared separately with each type substrate. Polyethylene bag 22.5 cm X 30 cm size was filled with prepared substrate and packed tightly. Then two tea spoonfuls of prepared mother culture media containing mycelia was placed through the hole of each packet. The inoculated packets were again plugged and covered properly. The inoculated packets were kept on iron rack in an incubation room at room temperature (25°C - 30°C) and relative humidity 65 – 70%. Mycelium running rate of each type of substrates was observed after 10 days of inoculation. The data were recorded in every one day interval. Time spent from 17 to 38 days to complete mycelium running all over the substrate of all kinds. After completion of mycelium running spawn packets were opened. Two ends opposite to each other of the upper position of the plastic bag were opened with a blade by removing plastic sheet in ‘D’ shape after which the opened surface substrate was scraped slightly with a tea spoon for removing the thin whitish mycelial layer. Then the spawn packets were soaked in water for 15 minutes and invested to remove excess water for another 15 minutes. The packets were placed separately side by side on the floor of the culture house. Harvesting of mushroom: The first primordia appear 2-4 days after scratching depending upon types of substrate, which were recorded. The harvesting date also varied depending upon types of substrate. Matured mushroom identified by curl margin of the cap was harvested by twisting to uproot from the base. Mushroom matured generally 48 hours after appearing the primordia. Data were recorded periodically during culture.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 4(1):45-48, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering the yield and cost benefit ratio, Mango sawdust and Shiris sawdust based substrates were found to be suitable for growing mushroom P. flabellatus commercially. Further research program using combination of two or more type of substrates for growing Mushroom, the P. flabellatus is in progress.

Knowledge Management: Journal