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Evaluation of Promising Maize Hybrids at Different Agro-ecological Regions of Bangladesh (set I)

S. AHMED
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

A.N.M.S. KARIM
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

M.Z.A. TALUKDER
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

A.H. AKHI
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

M. KADIR
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

F. AKHTER
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

A. MIAH
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

A. BISWAS
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

M.A.A. KHAN
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

S. UDDIN
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

N. JAHAN
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

M. G. AZAM
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

A.A. MONDAL
Plant Breeding Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twelve hybrids along with three check varieties of maize were assessed for genotype environment interaction (GEI) and stability for selection of the best hybrid maize in seven different locations during rabi 2014-15. The AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) model was used to analyze the genotype-environment interaction over seven locations to select the hybrid having higher yield and other potential attributes. Regarding genotypes (G), significant variation was found in all the characters except yield while environment (E) was found significant for all the characters. The environment of Gazipur was poor; Jamalpur, Hathazari, Ishurdi, Rahmatpur, Burirhat, and Jessore were positive environments for tested maize hybrids. Considering the mean, bi and S²di for all the parameters, it was evident that all the genotypes showed different response of adaptability under different environmental conditions. Among the tested hybrids, E7 and E1 showed the highest yield and stable for across over locations.

Keywords: Maize, Hybrids, Stability, Maize, Agro-ecology

Location: Gazipur, Jamalpur, Hathazari, Ishurdi, Rahmatpur, Burirhat, and Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to assess the stability of some maize hybrids and verify the influence of environments at different locations of Bangladesh

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at seven locations namely Gazipur, Jamalpur, Hathazari, Ishurdi, Rahmatpur, Burirhat, and Jessore during rabi 2014-15. Nine hybrids and three check varieties were evaluated at this study. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. Seeds of each entry were sown in 2 rows, 4m long plots with 60 cm and 20 cm spacing between rows and hills, respectively. Seeds were sown at Gazipur on 14 December, Jamalpur on 27 November, Hathazari on 4 November, Ishurdi on 25 November, Rahmatpur on 24 November, Burirhat on 21 November and Jessore on 19 November. One healthy seedling per hill was kept after thinning. Fertilizers were applied @ 250, 55, 110 40, 5 and 1.5 kg/ha of N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S, Zn and B respectively. Standard agronomic practices were followed (Quayyum, 1993) and plant protection measures were taken as required. Two border rows at both end of each replication were used for minimize the border effect. Data on days to pollen shedding, days to silking was recorded on whole plot basis. Ten randomly selected plants were used for recording observations on plant and ear height. All the plants in two rows were considered for plot yield and converted to t/ha. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used and the GE interaction was estimated by the AMMI model (Zobel et. al. 1988). In this procedure, the contribution of each genotype and each environment to the GE interaction is assessed by use of the biplot graph display in which yield means are plotted against the scores of the first principal component of the interaction (IPCA1). The computational program for AMMI analyses is supplied by Duarte and Vencovsky (1999). The stability parameters, regression coefficient (bi) and deviation from regression (S²di) were estimated according to Eberhart and Russel (1966). Significance of differences among bi value and unity was tested by t-test while between S²di and zero by F-test. All the data were processed and analyzed using Cropsatat 7.2 program.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Breeding Division, BARI--2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The mean sum of squares for the genotypes was highly significant for all the traits except yield which revealed the presence of genetic variability in the material under studied. Environments mean sum of squares were highly significant for all of the characters. The highly significant effects of environment indicate high differential genotypic response across the different environments. The variation in soil structure and moisture across the different environments were considered as a major underlying causal factor for the GXE interaction. Environment relative magnitude was much higher than genotypic effect, suggesting that performance of each genotype is influenced more by environmental factors. The AMMI biplot provide a visual expression of the relationship between the first interaction principal component axis (AMMI component 1) and mean of genotypes and environment as well as relationship of IPCA1 and IPCA 2. It was observed that hybrids E12 (900MG), E7, E1, E10 (NK40) and E2 were highest yielder but among them hybrids E12 (900MG), E7, E1 and E10 (NK40) were more stable because they have smaller IPCA1 score which is near about zero. Since IPCA2, scores also play a significant role in explaining the GEI; the IPCA1 scores were plotted against the IPCA2 score for further explanation of adaptation. The hybrids E4, E6, E8 and E9 were unstable due to their dispersed position. E1, E5 and E7 appeared to be more stable when plotting the IPCA1 and IPCA2 scores.

Considering the yield potentially and stability parameters, two tested hybrids viz. E7 and E1 genotypes produced the highest yield as well as stable for over all environments.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings