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Incidence of Seedborne Mycoflora and Their Effects on Ermination of Maize Seeds

Md. Moshiur Rahman Akonda
Dept. of plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Monira Yasmin
Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Ismail Hossain
Dept. of plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A laboratory experiment was conducted with maize seed samples collected from four maize growing districts viz. Bogra, Gaibandha, Rangpur and Mymensingh of Bangladesh following blotter method. Nine species of fungi namely Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris maydis, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, Penicillium oxalicum and Rhizopus stolonifer were identified. Among the species, the incidence of Aspergillus flavus was higher (27.42%) followed by A. niger (23.47%), Fusarium oxysporum (20.55%), Penicillium oxalicum (18.37%), Rhizopus stolonifer (17.83%), F. moniliforme (17.39%), Curvularia lunata (7.87%), Bipolaris maydis (3.50%) and Alternaria alternata (2.74%). The association of the pathogens with maize seeds were observed as deterioration of seed quality and lowered down the germination rate (maximum 78.74% and minimum 67.97%).

Keywords: Maize, Seedborne, Mycoflora, Germination

Location: Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-04-2009

End Date: 29-04-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To record the mycoflora associated with maize seeds and to determine the effects of mycoflora on germination of maize seeds.

Methodology:

The laboratory experiment based on isolation and identification of the causal organisms from collected seed samples was carried out in the Seed Pathology Centre (SPC), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The laboratory works were started on 1 April 2008 and completed by 29 April 2008. The experiment was started with six replications following Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The seed samples were collected after harvesting and drying from the five farmers’ of each selected districts viz. Bogra, Gaibandha, Rangpur and mymensingh. The seeds of each district collected from five farmers’ fields were mixed together to make composite sample. In case of Mymensingh, seed samples were collected from the GPB field laboratory, BAU, Mymensingh. The seed samples of each district were enclosed individually in paper bags with proper labeling and brought to the SPC and stored in the refrigerator at 5±1 ºC until used for subsequent studies.In this method, three layers of filter papers were soaked in sterile water and placed at the bottom of 9 cm diameter petridishes. Sixty seeds from each composite sample were taken randomly and then placed on the moist filter paper at the rate of 10 seeds per plate. Similarly, Two hundred and forty seeds collected from four districts were placed on twenty four petridishes at the same rate. The petridishes with seeds were then incubated at 20 ± 2°C under 12/12 alternating cycles of Near Ultra-Violet (NUV) light and darkness in the incubation room of the SPC, BAU, Mymensingh for seven days. Time to time watering was done to keep the filter paper moist. After incubation the seeds were examined under the stereomicroscope for the presence of seed borne fungi. Data were expressed in percentage.Each individual seed was observed under stereomicroscope in order to identify the seed borne fungi. Most of the associated fungi were detected by observing their growth characters on the incubated seeds. The temporary as well as permanent slides were also prepared and observed under compound microscope for proper identification. Photographs of the identified pathogens were taken using Olympus Microscope at 20x magnifications (Field Fertility Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU, Mymensingh).

Source of Information: Int. J. Agri. Agri. R. Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 87-92, 2016, ISSN: 2223-7054

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/IJAAR-V8No1-p87-92.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A total of twenty seed samples collected from different locations of the selected districts after harvesting were studied, and nine species of fungi representing seven genera were identified. The final effects of the pathogens on maize seeds were observed as deterioration of seed quality and lowered down the germination rate.As the maize got popularity in Bangladesh so, the farmers must pay attention during harvesting and processing of maize and to treat their seeds with proven agro-technologies as well as efforts should be given by government and NGOs in developing and introducing high yielding resistant or least susceptible cultivars to boost up its production.

Knowledge Management: Journal