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Selection of Parents for Hybridization in Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.)

ML. Kabir
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. Hasanuzzaman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

MK. Rabby
Department of Zoology, Ulipur Government College, Kurigram, Bangladesh.

MR. Haque
Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

MW. Rahman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment was carried out during Rabi 2013 - 14 at the research field and laboratory of the department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, HSTU, Dinajpur with 24 wheat genotypes to study the heritability, genetic advance, divergence and to select parents for hybridization program. Twenty four genotypes were evaluated in Randomized Completely Blocked Design (RCBD). The study revealed a wide range of genetic advance and high broad sense heritability for most of the traits. Genetic advance in percent of mean suggested that there is yet scope for further improvement of genotypes for the characters studied. The grain weight of 10 spike, grains/spike and thousand grain weight had high genotypic and phenotypic co - efficient of variation. So selection for these three characters will be highly effective and efficient for improvement. Twenty four genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. The inter cluster distance es was the highest between cluster I and cluster II (10.24) and the lowest between cluster V and cluster III (7.29). The result revealed that genotypes located in cluster I and II were far diverse than the genotypes located in cluster V and cluster III. So hybridization with the genotypes of cluster I will be more effective with the genotypes located in cluster II and V. Considering diversity pattern, cluster distance ,cluster mean and other agronomic traits the genotypes E -₁₁,E - ₂₁, E - ₂₄ of cluster I, E -₂ , E -₆, E -₂₀ of cluster II, E - 19 of cluster IV and E - ₁₀, E - ₁₅, E - ¹⁶, E - ₁₇ of cluster V may be used as parents for fruitful improvement of yield and yield contributing characters in wheat.

Keywords: Genetic variation, Heritability, Genetic diversity, Cluster Analysis, Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Location: Plant Breeding Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-10-2013

End Date: 00-06-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To analyze the genetic divergence of 24 wheat genotypes collected from WRC, Dinajpur to ensure effective improvement.

Methodology:

The experiment was set up at the central research farm and laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during October 2013 to June 2014. The experimental site is situated under the Dinajpur Sadar Upazila and located at 25º39′ N latitude and 88º41′ E longitude with an elevation of 37.58 meter above the sea level. For conducting the present study, the base materials were collected from the Wheat Research Center (WRC), Dinajpur. The experimental material materials of the study were consisted of twenty four wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The unit plot size was 2.0 m x 5.0 m where showing was done in ten rows with 20 cm interval between rows. The distance between plots was 0.75 m and block to block distance was 1.5 m. Fertilizer was applied at the rate of 300 kg, 170 Kg, 100 Kg,110 Kg and 6 Kg Urea, TSP, MP, Gypsum and Boron respectively. After land preparation, full dose of P, K, S, Zn, B and one third of N were incorporated thoroughly into the soil as basal dose. The remaining amount of N was applied at 21 and 53 days after seedlings emergence split into two equal amounts. Data on thirteen characters were collected from some randomly and tagged 10 plants from the middle rows excluding borders and some from plant basis. These 10 plants were harvesting by uprooting. Data were recorded for Heading days, Anthesis, Days to maturity, Plant height (cm), Number of plants/ square meter, Number of spikelets per spike, Number of grains per spike, Grain weight of 10 spikes, Thousand grain weight (Kg), Grain yield (Kg/plot), Canopy temperature depression (CTD), Chlorophyll content of flag leaf at 14 days after anthesis (CHL 21 ) (SPAD unit) at either flowering time or physiological maturity. The CTD was recorded at 90 days after anthesis during noon period under bright sunlight and less wind with the help of hand held infra - red thermometer (Model: Crop TRAC item no. 2955L - Spectrum Technologies, Inc.). This trait Chlorophyll content was measured in 5 fully expanded sunlight flag leaves in vivo by a Minotola SPAD meter at 14 days after anthesis and expressed in SPAD unit.The data recorded from the present study were analyzed statistically in a computer based statistical package MSTAT – C program and Multivariate analysis was done by computer using GENSTAT 5.13 and Microsoft Excel 2007 software through four techniques vrz , principal component analysis, principal coordinate analysis, cluster analysis and canonical vector analysis.

Source of Information: Int. J. Agri. & Agri. R. Vol. 7, No. 3, p. 76-84, 2015, ISSN: 2223-7054

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/IJAAR-V7No3-p76-84.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of cluster distance and cluster mean and other agronomic traits the genotypes E - 11,E - 21, E - 24 of cluster I, E - 2, E - 6 and E - 20 of cluster II, E - 19 from cluster IV and E - 10, E -15, E - 16, E -17, of cluster V may be considered as parents for future hybridization program to produce early, heat stress and high yielding genotypes.

Knowledge Management: Journal