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In Vitro Response of Different Explants on Callus Development and Plant Regeneration in Groundnut (arachis Hypogeae L.)

A.K.M.M. ALAM
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur

M.A. KHALEQUE
Genetics and plant Breeding Department, BSMRAU, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Different explants namely, cotyledon, epicotyl and hypocotyl were used to study the in vitro plant regeneration of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The explants of two different genotypes BARI groundnut 5 and BARI groundnut 6 were cultured in MS medium with different concentration of 2,4-D, BAP and NAA. In case of different explants, hypocotyls showed better performances than epicotyls and cotyledon. Among different concentrations, 2,4-D @ 2mg/l was found more suitable for good callus induction. When callus was sub cultured in different concentration of 2,4-D, good callus growth was also observed. MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP produced small shoot bud at different subculture. Maximum number of shoot bud differentiation was observed from 2.5mg/l BAP concentration. Among the different growth hormones, 2,4-D found good for callus induction and BAP was found more suitable for organogenesis compare to NAA.

Keywords: Arachis hypogeae, in vitro, regeneration and tissue culture

Location: Tissue Culture Laboratory of Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

To find out suitable growth regulator for callus induction and root-shoot development of groundnut plant lets

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) Joydebpur, Gazipur. Two varieties of Arachis hypogeae L. namely BARI groundnut 5 and BARI groundnut 6 were collected from the Oil Seed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur as a test materials. The seeds of each material were washed under running tap water for 3 to 5 minutes to reduce the level of surface organisms. Then the seeds were washed 5 times with sterilized water and HgCI₂ (0.1%) solution for 20 minutes. After exposure to the sterilent, the seeds were washed 5 times with sterilized distilled water. Then the seeds were kept on a sterilized petridish containing sterile blotting paper to soak the water droplets. Seeds were then cultured in MS medium with different concentrations of 2,4-D, BAP, NAA to initiate callus. Cultures were then transferred to fresh media containing various hormonal supplements, singlely or in combination at 30-days intervals and routinely examined for different morphological development. The subculture tubes or flasks were again incubated at 25±2⁰C with 12/12 hr light/dark cycle under fluorescent light. The sub cultured calli continued to proliferate and differentiated into shoots. When these shoots grew about 3 cm, they were excised aseptically from the callus mass and were separated from each other and cultured on freshly prepared medium containing different hormonal supplements for root differentiation. Data were recorded on callus induction, callus growth, callus type, number of multiple shoot, shoot and root length.

Source of Information: Int. J. Expt. Agric. 1(1):1-4, (2010)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results on regeneration system of two groundnut genotypes, BARI groundnut 6 was found more suitable for the regeneration. For callus induction MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D was found more suitable and also for callus induction. MS medium supplemented with different concentration of BAP was suitable for shoot development.

Knowledge Management: Journal