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Alleviation of Soil Salinity in Rice by Potassium and Zinc Fertilization

M.G. KIBRIA, FARHAD
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A. HOQUE
Professor
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The field experiment was conducted to investigate the mitigation of soil salinity in rice by application of potassium and zinc fertilizers. Salt-tolerant cultivar Binadhan-10 was used as test crop. In this experiment sixteen treatment combinations were used and the experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement with three replications. Potassium sulphate and zinc sulphate were used to supply K and Zn nutrients, respectively, and they were applied in two split doses, first dose during final land preparation and second dose at maximum tillering stage. All experimental plots received recommended doses of N, P and S fertilizers. Plant height, panicle length, effective tillers, grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight was significantly increased due to application of K and Zn fertilizers. Most of the yield contributing parameters showed higher values in T₁₄ and T₁₅treatments compared to other treatments. Grain and straw yields of Binadhan-10 responded significantly with the different treatment combinations. The highest grain yield (4.33 t/ha) was obtained in T₁₄(K₂₀₀Zn₁₅₀) and T₁₅ (K₂₀₀Zn₂₀₀) treatments whereas the highest straw yield (5.35 t/ha) was obtained in T₁₄ treatment, which was higher than all other treatments. An increase in grain yield by 22% over control was observed in both T₁₄ and T₁₅ treatments and straw yield showed 22% and 14% increase over the control in T₁₄ and T₁₅ treatments, respectively. Nutrient (NPS and Zn) uptake was higher when K and Zn were applied at higher doses. The K+/Na+ ratio was also found higher in grain (0.42) and straw (0.44) in T₁₅ treatment. Therefore, it may be concluded that application of higher doses of K and Zn fertilizers could alleviate the adverse effects of salinity in rice by increasing nutrient uptake and maintaining higher K+/Na+ ratio.

Keywords: K+/Na+ ratio, nutrient uptake, soil salinity, nutrient management

Location: Khulna district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To minimize the adverse effects of salinity on rice by proper management of mineral nutrients particularly potassium and zinc and examine the effects of potassium and zinc fertilizers on K+/Na+ ratio and nutrient uptake by rice under salinity conditions.

Methodology:

The field experiment was carried out at the farmer’s field of the salinity affected areas of Khulna district. The land was prepared by repeated ploughing and cross ploughing followed by laddering. The experiment was done in boro season as salinity problem is much higher in dry season. Salt-tolerant rice variety Binadhan-10 was used as test crop. Seedlings of rice were transplanted in the experimental fields during boro season. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement with three replications. Treatments were the combination of different levels (0-200% of recommended fertilizer dose - RFD) of K and Zn. Four levels of K (0, 100, 150 and 200% of RFD) and four levels of Zn (0, 100, 150 and 200% of RFD) were employed. There were following sixteen treatment combinations: T₀= K₀Zn₀, T₁= K₀Zn_100,T₂= K₀Zn₁₅₀,T₃= K₀Zn₂₀₀,T₄= K₁₀₀Zn₀ , T₅= K₁₀₀Zn₁₀₀, T₆= K₁₀₀Zn₁₅₀ , T₇= K₁₀₀Zn₂₀₀, T₈ = K₁₅₀Zn₀, T₉ = K₁₅₀Zn₁₀₀, T₁₀ = K₁₅₀Zn₁₅₀, T₁₁ = K₁₅₀Zn₂₀₀, T₁₂ = K₂₀₀Zn₀, T13 = K₂₀₀Zn₁₀₀, T₁₄ = K₂₀₀Zn₁₅₀, and T₁₅ = K₂₀₀Zn₂₀₀.

The K and Zn were supplied from sulphate of potash and zinc sulphate fertilizers, respectively. K and Zn fertilizers were applied in two split doses, first dose at final land preparation and second dose at maximum tillering stage. All experimental plots received recommended doses of N, P and S fertilizers. Irrigation, intercultural operations and other management practices were performed as and when required. The water salinity and soil salinity were monitored from the transplanting to the harvest stage. The crops were harvested at full maturity. Grain and straw yields and different plant parameters were recorded after harvesting. Plant and soil samples were analyzed in the Department of Soil Science of BAU and BINA. Plant samples were analyzed for N, P, S, Na, K and Zn contents following standard methods. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA. The significance of differences between mean values was evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The software package, MStatC was followed for statistical analysis.

Source of Information: Int. J. Expt. Agric. 5(3):15-21, (2015)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. University Grant Commission

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of K and Zn fertilizers resulted in increases in growth and yield of rice under saline condition. It can be concluded that higher doses of K and Zn fertilization (treatment T₁₄-K₂₀₀Zn₁₅₀) are suitable for rice cultivation in saline areas. Balanced fertilization particularly efficient management of K and Zn fertilizers at higher doses (K₂₀₀Zn₁₅₀) in two splits with salt tolerant high yielding rice cultivar could be practiced in saline areas.

Knowledge Management: Journal