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Yield and Yield Components of Soybean Varieties as Affected by Different Sowing Dates

M.S. Ahmed
Improved Livelihood for Sidr-Affected Rice Farmers (ILSAFARM) Project, International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), Bangladesh

M.P. Anwar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.M. Alam
Improved Livelihood for Sidr-Affected Rice Farmers (ILSAFARM) Project, International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To observe the effect of different sowing dates and variety on the performance of soybean crop, an experiment was carried out with, 5 sowing dates viz. 7 November, 27 November, 16 December, 7 January and 27 January; and 3 soybean varieties viz. Bangladesh soybean-4 (G-2), Shohag (PB-1) and BARI soybean-5 (BS-5). The experiment was conducted in split-plot design with three replications. In aspects of yield attributing characters viz. pods plant^-1, seeds pod^-1, seed yield (g m^-2), Stover yield (g m^-2) Biological yield (g m^-2) and harvest index were significantly affected by sowing date. The highest pods plant^-1 (39.85), fertile pods plant^-1 (36.00), seed yield (170.36g m^-2), stover yield (402.69 g m^-2), Biological yield (573.05 g m^-2) and harvest index (29.70%) were found on 16 December sowing. The effect of variety was also significant. The highest pods plant^-1(35.94), seeds pod^-' (2.09), seed yield (159.71g m^-2), biological yield (454.37 g m^-2) and harvest index (35.48%) were found in the variety G-2 and the highest non fertile pods plant^-1 (4.47), 100-seed weight (9.33 g) and stover yield (322.01g m^-2) were found in the variety BS-5. The highest seed yield (207.40g m^-2) were found with the interaction of G-2 with 16 December sowing.

Keywords: Soybean, Yield, Sowing dates

Location:

Start Date: 00-11-2006

End Date: 00-05-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To determine the effect of sowing date and their interaction on the yield attributes and yield of soybean plant .

Methodology:

The experimental site was situated at 24°75' N latitude and 90° 50' E longitudes at an altitude of 18 m. The experimental field was a high land having sandy loam soil with pH 6.9. The initial soil (0-15 cm depth) contained 0.058% total N, 0.463% organic matter, 23 ppm available P, 5.0 ppm available S and 0.13 ppm exchangeable K. During the period from November 2006 to May 2007 the maximum temperature ranged from 17.0°C to 37.0°C and the minimum temperature ranged from 6.0°C to 26.4°C and the average temperature ranged from 14.3°C to 31.6°C. Five sowing dates viz. 7 November (S1), 27 November (S2), 16 December 06 (S3), 7 January (S4) 27 January (S5). Three soybean varieties viz. Bangladesh soybean-4 (G-2) (V1), Shohag (PB-1) (V2) and BARI soybean-5 (BS-5) (V3) were included in. the experiment as treatment. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The sowing dates were allocated in the main. plot and varieties in the sub-plots. The unit plot size was 4.0 m x2.5 m. The spaces between tow main plots and that between tow sub-plots were 1 m and 0.50 m, respectively. The land was fertilized with N, P₂0₅, K₂0 and S @ 50, 150, 100 and 100 kg ha^-1respectively were applied in the form of Urea, Triple Super Phosphate, Muriate of Potash and Gypsum during final land preparation at each sowing date. Seeds of soybean varieties were sown at 25 cm apart rows using of 50 kg seeds for G-2, 60 kg for PB-1 and 60 kg for BS-5, ha^-1. Intercultural operations such as weeding, thinning, spraying of insecticide and fungicide were done uniformly, in all plots. Weeding were done tow times at 15 and 35 days after sowing (DAS) and thinning at final weeding. Fin. ally plant to plant distance in. each row was kept 5 cm. No irrigation was required in the field. Soybean plants were infested by hairy caterpillar and cutworm at the early growth stage which were controlled by spraying Dimethion 50 EC @ 35 ml a. i. with 10 litter water for 5 decimal land. Powdery mildew, root rot of soybean and rust disease were found which were controlled by the spraying tilt @ of 5 ml in 10 litter water for one acre of land. The crop was harvested from the central 4.5 m² area with sickle at full maturity (i.e. when 95% pods become brown). PB-1 and BS-5 were shown early maturity than G-2. within 110-120 DAS all plants became mature. The harvested crops were then brought to the threshing floor and dried for four consecutive days. After threshing the seeds were separated, cleaned dried in. the sun for four consecutive days and their. weights were recorded plot wise. Seeds obtain from the harvest area in. each unit plot were dried in. sun. Then a small portion of it was oven dried to a constant weight. The seed yield was expressed in g m^-2 on dry weight basis. Stover obtained from the harvest area of each unit plot including sample plants were dried in. the sun. A small portion of it was taken and this sample was dried in. the oven at 80°C for 72 hours to constant weight. Then the Stover yield was expressed in dry weight basis. Biological yield was calculated as the sum of seed yield and stover yield. The ratio of economic yield to biological yield was calculated by the following formula:

Harvest Index (%)=(Seed yield/Biological yield)x100

Data were analyzed using ANOVA technique and the mean differences were adjudged by DMRT with the help of a computer based statistical program M-STAT-C. In case of Abnormal Seed lm. gs%, the data were transformed by square root transformation technique.

Source of Information: American-Eurasian Journal of Agronomy, 3 (1): 25-29, 2010 ISSN 1995-896X

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.idosi.org/aeja/3%281%2910/5.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest number of pods plant^-1 (42.83) was found in variety G-2 sown on 16 December and the lowest number (4.30) was found in BS-5 sown on 7 November.The highest seed yield (207.40g m^-2) was found with the interaction of G-2 with 16 December sowing.

Knowledge Management: Journal