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Assessment of Immunologic Responses in Khaki Cambell Ducks Vaccinated Against Duck Plague

M.A. Islam
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M.A. Samad
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M.B. Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M.T. Hossain
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

S. Akter
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The duck plague vaccine (DPV) is locally produced from the Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Mohakhali, Dhaka which is used to control the duck plague viral disease in ducks in Bangladesh. Efficacy of this vaccine reports has no, so to say on ducks in Bangladesh. Three weeks old 50 Khaki Cambell Ducks were used to evaluate the induced of immune responses of duck plague vaccine during the period fro m February to April 200 3. These 50 ducks were divided into three groups (A = 15, B = 15 and C = 5 ducks) and each duck of group A and group B were inoculated primarily with duck plague vaccine @ 1.0 ml. intramuscularly at the age of 4 weeks and whereas ducks of group C served as unvaccinated control. Then each duck of group A was also injected booster dose after 2 weeks of primary vaccination with same vaccine, dose and route. The mean value of TLC, TSP and PHA antibody titre of ducks of group A was found significantly (p < 0.1) increased at two weeks and four weeks of post-primary vaccination and two weeks and four weeks of post-booster vaccination in comparison to the pre-vaccination values. The mean value of TLC, TSP and PHA litre of ducks of group B was also found significantly increased (p < 0.1) at two, four, six and eight weeks of post-primary vaccination in comparison to the pre-vaccination values. These results indicate that booster vaccination of duck plague vaccine induced comparatively higher TLC, TSP and PHA antibody titre than single primary vaccination in ducks. The mean value of TLC, TSP and PHA in unvaccinated control group C was more or less nearer at the age of four weeks and 12 weeks in ducks. These results showed that the locally prepared duck plague vaccine induced sufficient both cellular and humoralimmune responses with booster-vaccination than primary vaccination in ducks. Therefore, it could be recommended to booster dose of vaccination of duck plague vaccine to control duck plague under field condition in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Khaki cambell ducks, Duck plague, Immune responses

Location: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 27-02-2003

End Date: 25-04-2003

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Duck

Objectives:

To determine the antibody titre of ducks immunized with Duck plague vaccine a described.

Methodology:

Three-week-old 50 Khaki Cambell breed of healthy ducks of either sex with no previous history either vaccination or of duck plague infection were purchased from the Government Duck Breeding Farm, Narayangonj on 27 February, 2003. These ducks were maintained in a newly constructed experimental duck house of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh with intensive care, adequate commercial feed (Quality Feed Ltd., Dhaka) and water supply throughout the experimental period from 27 February to 25 April, 2003. After acclimatization of these 50 experimental ducks, of which only 35 ducks were selected randomly for this immunization study. These selected 35 ducks were divided into three groups (A, B and C), of which group A and B consisting of 15 ducks in each, whereas group C consisting of 5 ducks. These three groups of ducks were maintained separately with intensive care and management system. In addition to general feed and water supply, vitamin-mineral premix was also supplied in the drinking water daily. Duck plague vaccine was obtained from the district of Veterinary hospital, Mymensingh, used for immunization of ducks. Each duck of group A (n=15) was primarily vaccinated at the age of 4 weeks with DPV @ 1.0 ml IM, followed by booster vaccination with same vaccine at the age of 8 weeks of age. Each duck of group B (n=15) was vaccinated with DPV at the age of 4 weeks @ 1.0 ml I M as a single vaccine. Duck of group C (n=5) served as unvaccinated control.Blood was collected from the wing vein of each of the experimentally vaccinated duck of groups A, B and C in duplicate test tubes. One tube (1.0 ml/bird) contained double oxalate as anticoagulant which was used for total leukocyte count (TLC) and other one (2.0ml/bird) without adding any anticoagulant which is used for separation of serum to determine the antibody titre and total serum protein. Blood samples were collected from the ducks at pre-vaccination and two weeks interval of post-primary and booster vaccination. Sera were separated from the blood collected without adding any anticoagulant and stored at -20 ºC until tested. The total leukocyte count (TLC) was determined with the oxalate venous blood by the method described. The passive haemagglutination assay (PHA) was used to determine the antibody titre of ducks immunized with Duck plague vaccine a described. The total serum protein (TSP) in pre-and post-vaccinated ducks with DPV was estimated by using TS meter as described. Results are analyzed statistically with the help of students‘t’ test for significance as described .

Source of Information: International Journal of Poultry Science Volume 4, Number 1, 36-38, 2005

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.pjbs.org/ijps/fin284.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experimental immunization of ducks with duck plague vaccine induced significantly increased (p <0 .01) PHA antibody titre, TLC and TSP either in booster immunization of ducks and primary immunization of ducks. But, after booster vaccination the PHA antibody titre, TLC and TSP values are more induced than single primary vaccination. This indicated that the humoral and cellular mediated immune responses are induced in ducks due to locally prepared duck plague vaccine and would give protection against duck plague infection.

Knowledge Management: Journal