M. N. HASAN
Lecturer
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore, Bangladesh
M. S. RAHMAN
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
S. NIGAR
Lecturer
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore, Bangladesh
Pleurotus ostreatus, Highest yield, Rice straw, Horse dung, Bangladesh
Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Khulna University, Khulna
Crop-Soil-Water Management
Collection of materials: The three varieties of oyster mushroom were collected from National Mushroom Development and Training Center, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka. The different substrates were collected from various parts of Khulna city corporation area; such as rice straw, Mehegoni leaves and cow dung are collected from gollamari, Khulna University, poultry manure are collected from Mohammadnagar, Khulna. Horse dung is collected from rupsa, Khulna. Poly propylene bag, neck, CaCO3 and rubber band are collected from mushroom foundation khalishpur, Khulna. Potato and Carew’s bottle are collected from Bara bazar, Khulna. The experimental varieties were: V1= Pleurotus ostreatus (Florida/FLO), V2= P. ostreatus (PO2) and V3= P. ostreatus (HK-51). Media and culture: Potato dextrose agar (PDA) media was prepared by using dehydrated PDA medium. To obtain pure culture a small piece of the fruiting body of Mushroom and placed on the sterilized PDA media under aseptic condition. It was then kept for 7-10 days in an incubator under 25°C for sufficient growth. This pure culture was used for the entire experiment. Mother culture: The mother culture substrates were prepared by using good quality of wheat grains and CaCO3. At first, 5kg wheat grains were boiled in a saucepan for about 1 hour (30-45 min best). The pot was taken off from heat when wheat grains became brown and looked like a succulent grapes. It was then filtered wheat grains were spread out on a polythene sheet placed on the floor. After draining out of excessive water, l% CaCO3 (50 g) were mixed with wheat grains manually and packed tightly in 8×12 inch polypropylene (p.p.) bag. Each of the bags containing 250 g was prepared by using plastic heat resistance neck and plugged the neck with cotton and covered with brown paper placing a rubber band to hold it in place. Then the packets were sterilized in an autoclave for one hour at 121°C and 1.5 kg/cm2 atmospheric pressure. After sterilization these were kept 24 hours for cooling. Then a cut piece of pure culture was placed aseptically through the hole of the mother culture packet and again the packets were plugged with cotton and covered the brown paper with a rubber band. It was placed into the growth chamber at 25°C in dark place. After 15 to 21 days the packet of the mother culture became white due to complete the mycelium running and then it was ready for inoculating spawn packets. Spawn culture: Compost is the substrate on which mushroom grows. The biochemical activities of a number of microorganisms make the substrate selective for the growth of mushroom, A. bisporus. The process of compost making is known as Composting. Composting is defined as indefinite microbial degradation of organic wastes. These wastes include vegetable and animal matter, banana leaf mid ribs, forest leaves, remains of stubbles and roots in the soil, green manure, straw, household garbage, sewage sludge, animal manure etc. The process of composting involves microbial decomposition of the organic materials, synthesis of microbial proteins and conditioning of the fibrous material to absorb and retain moisture. In addition, the microorganisms change the physical properties of compost and make the growth of the competitive microorganisms more difficult. Preparation of substrates: The compost for spawn packets were prepared by using the method that was reported by several workers have studied the possibility of wheat straw, barley straw, rice straw, maize stem, banana leaf mid ribs, etc. mixed with organic and inorganic supplements as a replacement for making the synthetic compost. Collection of data: The packets with growing mushrooms were observed frequently to record the characters of three varieties of mushroom at different stages of growth on different substrates. Data were collected periodically during the growing period and immediately after harvest. The data were recorded on the parameters: mycelium running time in bottle (days), mycelium running time in mother culture (days), mycelium running time in spawn packet (days), time required for primordia initiation (days), number of primordia (number), number of effective fruiting bodies (number), time required for harvesting (days), biological yield (g/packet), economical yield (g/packet), harvest index (%), biological efficiency (%), cost benefits analysis and statistical method SPSS was used for analysis.
Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 5(4):16-24, (2010)
Journal