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Insecticidal Activity of Acacia Catechu Bark Extract Against Four Stored Product Pests

M. KHATUN
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories (BCSIR), Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206

D. TALUKDER
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories (BCSIR), Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206

A. HYE
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories (BCSIR), Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Laboratories experiment were carried out to determine the efficacy of (+)Catechin based insecticidal product against four stored product pests viz. Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Tribolium confusum Duval, Callosobruchus chinensis L. and Sitophilus oryzae L. Catechu was extracted from Acacia catechu Willd. (Leguminosae) bark then was processed to prepare (+)Catechin. Finally (+)Catechin based insecticidal product was prepared by treating with HCl and sodium bicarbonate. Results demonstrate that (+)Catechin based insecticidal product was effective against the insect species at all the duration but it did not produce any effect on S. oryzae at 24 hours interval. The susceptibility of the insect species was in the following order. T. confusum > T. castaneum > C. chinensis > S. oryzae; T. confusum > T. castaneum > C. chinensis > S. oryzae; T. confusum > C. chinensis > T. castaneum > S. oryzae and T. confusum > C. chinensis > S. oryzae > T. castaneum at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours intervals respectively. It is striking to note that at all the duration lowest LD50 values were observed for T. confusum adults.

Keywords: (+)Catechin based insecticidal product, T. castaneum, T. confusum, C. chinensis and S. oryzae adults, Contact toxicity

Location: Research laboratory of Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-08-2010

End Date: 00-11-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

To investigate the insecticidal activity of A. catechu extract against four store product pests.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in research laboratory of Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Rajshahi, Bangaladesh during the month of August to November 2010. Stock culture of C. chinensis and S. oryzae were maintained in separate 1000 ml beaker on sterilized cowpea and maize at 30^oC ± 0.5^oC in an incubator respectively. A standard mixture of whole wheat flour with powdered dry yeast in a ratio of 19:1 was used as food medium in case of T. castaneum and T. confusum adults reared. The extracted catechu was dissolved in about eight times to its own weight of boiling water and the liquid, after being strained through a cloth, should be set aside for one day until the insoluble catechin subsides. This should then be collected and placed under a screw-press, being thereafter dissolved in sufficient amount of dilute alcohol and filtered solution shaken up in ether. The ether is next removed by distillation, and the crystals obtained washed repeatedly in pure distilled cold water. (+)Catechin is prepared to exist in the form of almost colorless needles. 500 g of (+)Catechin was dissolved in 1 litre of hot water. The solution was acidified with dil HCl. A brown precipitation of (+)Catechin developed was treated with sodium bicarbonate. The ppt. was dissolved with clear solution. It was then dried at 30^oC. A brown crystalline powdered was formed. It was highly soluble in water. Finally insecticidal product of (+)Catechin compound were prepared. To test insect mortality four doses from (+)Catechin based insecticidal product were prepared including control. The doses were 39.29, 78.59, 157.19, 314.38 μg/cm². Ten days old of T. castaneum, T. confusum, S. oryzae and C. chinensis were taken from the stock culture. All the above doses were prepared by mixing the requisite amounts of the (+)Catechin based insecticidal product with 10 ml water. The experiment was carried out adopting the method of residual film technique. For each test dose 1ml liquid was dropped on a Petri dish (9cm dia surface area 62.63cm2) and then dried in an oven at 40^oC for 4 hours. Ten adults insect from each species were then released on to the Petri dish and these were kept in an incubator at 30 ± 1^oC, 70% relative humidity. The doses were calculated by measuring the weight of plant product (mg) in 01 ml of the water divided by the surface area of the Petri dish and it is converted into μg/cm². The mortality was assessed after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of the treatment. The percentage of the mortality was corrected using Abbott’s formula and LD₅₀values were determined by Probit analysis.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 6(1):1-5 (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In four insect species the toxicity level of the (+)Catechin based product showed more or less similar at different exposure times. The findings of the present investigations indicate that the (+)Catechin based product might be useful as store product pest control agents for commercial use. To minimize the severe damage caused by insects pest, the traditional use of plant products, proved to be highly effective against store product pests.

Knowledge Management: Journal