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Introduction to Soil and Water Salinity Dynamics of the South-west Coastal Region of Bangladesh

M K Monda
Senior AgriI. Engineer & AgriI. Engineer, BRRI, Gazipur

S P Ritul
Senior AgriI. Engineer & AgriI. Engineer, BRRI, Gazipur

M H K Choudhury
Irrigation Coordinator, PROSHIKA, Dhaka

A M Chasi
Agricultural Coordinator, HEED Bangladesh, Dhaka

P K Majumder
Additional Agriculture Officer, DAB. Khulna

M M Islam
Associate Professor & Professor, Khulna University

S K Adhikary
Associate Professor & Professor, Khulna University

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soil and water salinity was measured from 1996 to 2003 at Dumuria and Batiaghata upazila of Khulna district. It was observed that Topsoil salinity of the coastal saline and moderately saline rice soils varied from 2.0 to 11.0 dSm^-l. But in the wet season, soil salinity remained less than 4.0 dSm^-1'. Modern rice, whether salt tolerant or not, can be successfully grown in this season. Even river water can be used for supplemental. irrigation from mid-June through mid-February, As plowing considerably reduces topsoil salinity, non-rice crops can be grown by using residual soil moisture in the dry season under saline environments. Groundwater salinity in some locations may be suitable for crop production, but remains to a risky venture as far as salt-water intrusion is concerned.

Keywords: Siol salinity, Groundwater salinity, Soil moisture

Location: Dumuria and Batiaghata upazila of Khulna

Start Date: 00-00-1996

End Date: 00-00-2003

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Soil salinity

Objectives:

To document the dynamics of soil and water salinity values so that extension personnel, planners and policy makers can take necessary measures for increasing land productivity and farm income of the farmers residing in the coastal region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Soil salinity was measured from February 1996 to April 1997 at Barodanga and Mirzapur villages of Dumuria upazila, and from August 1998 to December 2003 at Kismat Fultola village of Batiaghata upazila of the Khulna district. In each location soil samples from 0-15 cm depth were collected at the middle of the experimental fields to determine soil salinity. Salinity of the soil samples was determined by 1: 1 soil-water ratio method (ASA and SSSA, 1982) at intervals of 15 and 30 days during dry and wet seasons, respectively. Water salinity of the river, Kazibachha was measured daily from August 1998 to December 2003 during ebb and neap tide with the help of a portable electrical conductivity (EC) meter.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the Workshop on Coastal Water Management and Uptake Technologies, 26 June 2004, Hotel Castle Salam, Khulna. Organized by BRRI, DAE, PROSHIKA, HEED Bangladesh, and Khulna University, Pp.1-7

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Topsoil salinity of the coastal saline and moderately saline rice soils varied from 2.0 to 11.0 dSm^-1. But in the wet season, soil salinity remained less than 4.0 dSm^-1. Modern rice, whether salt tolerant or not, can be successfully grown in south-west coastal region. Even river water can be used for supplemental irrigation from mid-June through mid-February. As plowing considerably reduces topsoil salinity, non-rice crops can be grown by using residual soil moisture in the dry season under saline environments. Groundwater salinity in some locations may be suitable for crop production, but remains to a risky venture as far as salt-water intrusion is concerned. Therefore, steps should be taken to introduce high yielding T. Aman and non-rice crops in the dry season to increase land productivity and farm income of the coastal area farmers of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings