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Efficacy of V4hr Newcastle Disease (v4hr-nd) Vaccine in Broiler Birds in Bangladesh

M.B. Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M.M. Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

S.M.L. Kabir
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

K.H.M.N.H. Nazir
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M.M. Amin
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Thirty day-old chicks of Cobb-100 breed with the history of vaccination of parent stock against Newcastle disease (NO) were equally divided into two groups such as group A and B. At 7 days of age of birds, group A was vaccinated with experimentally prepared V4HR-ND vaccine via eye drop @ 10^6oEID₅ of bird to determine the efficacy of this vaccine while group B was kept as unvaccinated control. The birds were used for the study during the period from October 2003 to December 2003. Each bird of group A was boostered with same vaccine @ same dose at 24 days of age. Both the groups (A and B) were challenged after WJO weeks of post-booster vaccination with 0.25ml inoculum containing 10⁵⁰EID₅₀ of virulent field isolates of NO virus intramuscularly. The results of challenge experiment revealed that six birds (40%) of group A succumbed within 3 to 4 days of post-challenge, whereas 15 (100%) unvaccinated control birds of group B showed clinical illness and ultimately died within 3 to 5 days. Thus, the experimental V4HR-ND vaccine conferred 60% protection of vaccinated birds against challenge infection. The mean values of Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres of birds in group A were found to have significantly (P<0.01) increased at two weeks of post-booster vaccination. These results indicated that experimental V4HR-ND vaccine induced sufficient humoral immune response which gives satisfactory level of protection against NO.

Keywords: Broiler, Birds, Efficacy, Newcastle disease, Vaccine, V4HR

Location: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-2003

End Date: 00-12-2003

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To determine the efficacy of the experimentally prepared V4HR Newcastle disease vaccine in broiler birds.

Methodology:

A total of 30 healthy day old broilers of Cobb-100 breed with previous history of vaccination of parent stock against NO were collected from a commercial hatchery. These chicks were divided into two equal groups (A and B). The chicks were maintained separately with strict biosecurity and adequate commercial feed and water supply throughout the study period. Vitamin- mineral Premix (RHODIVIT®, Rampart-Power', Bangladesh) was also supplied with the drinking water. Eggs of Fayoumi breeds were obtained from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) poultry farm. Ten day-old embryonated chicken eggs were used for propagation of the virus. Live freeze-dried V4HR-ND vaccine was prepared by chicken embryo propagation following standard method of vaccine production of FAO. One bird dose being at least 1060 50% embryo infective doses (EI0_5o). The vaccine was produced in chicken eggs from a purified seedlot derived from the original V4 isolate received from SLOP-Project, Department of Livestock Services (DLS). Two doses of vaccine were administered in chicks via eye drops at an interval of 17 days. The chicks of group A (n = 15) was primarily vaccinated at 7 days of age and booster vaccination at 24 days of age with same vaccine and same route. Birds of group B (n = 15) served as unvaccinated and control. Blood samples were collected by jugular vein four birds randomly selected from each group at intervals. Blood samples were collected from the birds at pre-vaccination 7, 10, 15 and 17 days after primary vaccination and 7, 10 and 14 days after booster vaccination. Sera were separated from the blood collected without adding any anticoagulant and stored at -20⁰C until used. The haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titre of immune and pre-inoculation sera of the experimental birds were measured by using standard O-procedure of micro plate HI test. All titres were recorded as log₂ of the reciprocal of the endpoint dilution. The Significance of difference of the Log₂ mean tit res (LMTs) was assessed using Student's t-test. Standard deviation was calculated for LMTs.

Source of Information: International Journal of Poultry Science 3 (5): 365-368, 2004

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experimental V4HR-ND vaccine conferred 60% protection of vaccinated birds against challenge infection. The mean values of Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres of birds in group A were found to have significantly (P<0.01) increased at two weeks of post-booster vaccination. These results indicated that experimental V4HR-ND vaccine induced sufficient humoral immune response which gives satisfactory level of protection against NO.

Knowledge Management: Journal