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Effects of Saponin and L-carnitine on the Performance and Reproductive Fitness of Male Broiler

M.Y. Miah
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Sylhet Government Veterinary College, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

M.S. Rahman
Department of Poultry Science, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.K. Islam
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Sylhet Government Veterinary College, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

M.M. Monir
Department of General Animal Science and Animal Nutrition, Barisal Government Veterinary College, Barisal, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A factorial bioassay was made to evaluate 4 different levels of exogenous saponin (S); 0 mg (S₀), 25 mg (S₁), 50 mg (S₂) and 75 mg (S₃) per kg and also a combination (SC) of 50 mg saponin plus 50 mg L-carnitine (S₄) per kg maize-soybean meal based basal diet during the late autumn. In all, 5 experimental diets being iso-nutritive (as per NRC, 1994 recommendation) but for variable in presence and contents of saponin and L-carnitine were prepared. 8-day old male broiler chicks (n=150, Starboro) were distribute d randomly into 15 groups of 10 chicks in each housed in separate pen of littered floor. Three such group s received each o f 5 test diets ad libitum as mash up to 8 weeks of age. The plenty of water was mad e available to all chicks during the experimental period. It was found that S₂ diet significantly improved body 2 weight gain (BWG) during growing (8 days to 3 weeks) period when compared with S₀, S₁, S₃ and S₄. Dietary S and SC had no significant (p>0.05) effect separately and jointly on feed efficiency, protein efficiency an d performance index. But S₃ and S₄ diets reduced abdominal fat significantly (p<0.05), while only S₃ significantly (p<0 .05) increased tastes weight. S and SC added all diets significantly (p<0.05) reduced liver, gizzard and thyroid size with little enlargement of spleen size compared to S₀ fed group. Finally, it was concluded that 75 mg (S₃) per kg exogenous saponin could be used as feed additive in broiler diet to improve growth and carcass quality.

Keywords: Saponin, L-carnitine, Broiler, Efficiency and dressing yield

Location: Sylhet Government Veterinary College, Sylhet

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of different levels of exogenous saponin singly or combined with L- carnitine on the performance of male broiler.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted with 150 day old Starboro male commercial broiler chicks for a period of 49 days during late autumn. The chicks were equally distributed into 5 dietary treatments having 3 replications in each. The replicate groups of chicks were distributed into 15 littered floor pens (120 cm X 190 cm) randomly. Three types of diet i.e., starter (day old to 21 days), grower (22 to 42 days) and finisher (43 to 56 days) were given to the birds as dry mash at ad libitum basis. The diets were formulated with locally available ingredients like maize, rice polish, soybean meal, meat and bone meal, soybean oil, fishmeal etc. The chemical composition of the basal diet was as follows:

Ad libitum dry mash ration was supplied to the birds throughout the experimental period. Starter ration was supplied upto 21 days of age and grower ration from 22 to 42 days of age, where finisher ration was fed from 43 to 56 days of age. Cool and clean water was made available to the experimental birds at all times. The birds were immunized against Gumboro and Newcastle diseases administering BCRDV (against Newcastle) at 4th and 29th day old and D-78 (against Gumboro) at 14^th and 21^th day old of the birds. During the experimental period, initial and weekly body weight, feed consumption, temperature and relative humidity, mortality etc were recorded. To evaluate different treatments, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency, energy efficiency, performance index etc parameters were considered. At the end of experiment, one broiler from each replication were randomly selected for processing to have dressing yield and weight of different organs and cut up parts. The collected and calculated data were analyzed for analysis of variance (ANOVA) using principles of completely randomized design (CRD) in MSTAT computer package. Least significant difference (LSD) was calculated to compare between treatments, where ANOVA showed significant difference. The dressing yield parameters were converted in percentage of their respective body weights for statistical analysis.

Source of Information: International Journal of Poultry Science 3 (8): 503-506, 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present findings it can be concluded that 75 mg saponin/kg feed (S₃) can safely be used in 3 broiler diet with improved growth, better feed efficiency and performance index and good carcass quality.

Knowledge Management: Journal