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Effect of Salinity on Germination and Early Vegetative Growth of Cowpea

M. S. I. Khan
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rahmatpur, Barisal

Z. U. M. Khan
Professor
Dept. of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Saver, Dhaka, Bangladesh

D. Khanam
Ex. Chief Scientific Officer
Research Wing, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Keywords: Cowpea, Germination, Salinity, EC

Location: Laboratory of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rahmatpur, Barisal

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Cowpea

Objectives:

To evaluate the sensitivity to salinity of cowpea during germination and early seedling stage under laboratory condition, before testing under actual field situations.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in a laboratory at room temperature at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rahmatpur, Barisal during 2006. Nine levels of NaCl concentrations were imposed on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds to evaluate the germination and seedling vigor. The NaCl concentrations were equivalent to EC of 0.75 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 dS/m. The salinity levels were designated as T₁ through T₉, respectively. The study was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications. Seeds were sterilized with 0.1% HgCl₂ for 2-3 minutes and rinsed thoroughly with distilled water. Twenty healthy cowpea seeds were placed on Whatman No. 1 filter paper in a glass petridish. The filter papers were moistened with respective NaCl solution for each treatment. Ten ml of NaCl solution for respective treatments were applied on alternate days to each petridish. Germinated seeds were counted daily. According to ISTA protocols germination percentage, radicle length, hypocotyl length, numbers of secondary roots were recorded daily up to seven days after sowing and seed vigor index (SVI) parameters were calculated by using the formula. Germination capacity (GC) was calculated by the fomulae. Seedling vigor index (SVI) was calculated by the formula. Shoot length was measured from the root base to the tip of the shoot at 7 days after sowing. Root length was measured from the root base to the tip of the root at 7 days after sowing. Reduction of shoot length (%) and Reduction of shoot length (%) were calculated by the formulae. Root shoot ratio was calculated by the formulae. The experimental data were analyzed statistically and the treatment means were compared by using DMRT at 1% level of probability.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 7(3): 8-12, (2012)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Cowpea seed germination decreased with increasing salinity and 10 dS/m salinity level may be considered as 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀). At early vegetative stage root and shoot growth of cowpea reduce drastically at 8 dS/m and onward salinity. Root and shoot growth completely seize at 12 dS/m and higher salinity.

Knowledge Management: Journal