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Effect of Spacing and Weeding Regimes on Yield and Yield Attributes of BRRI Dhan56

A. Sen
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A.R. SArkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Begum
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

F. Zaman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. Ray
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to October 2013 to examine the effect of spacing and weeding regimes on yield and yield attributes of short duration transplant Aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan56). Treatments were four spacings viz. 25 cm × 10 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm and 25 cm × 20 cm and five weeding regimes viz. no weeding, one hand weeding at 20 DAT, two hand weedings at 20 and 35 DAT, three hand weedings at 20, 35 and 50 DAT and herbicide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10WP. The following treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results from the study noticed that the number of effective tillers hill^-1, grains panicle^-1, grain yield and harvest index were the highest in 25 cm × 15 cm plant spacing and three hand weedings (at 20, 35 and 50 DAT) plots and the lowest was 20 cm × 10 cm spacing under no weeding plots. The highest weed population and dry weight were obtained from 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with no weeding treatment and the lowest was found in 25 cm × 15 cm spacing with Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10 WP application. Therefore, it can be concluded that short duration Aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan56) can be transplanted at 25 cm × 15 cm spacing with three hand weedings at 20, 35 and 50 DAT to achieve maximum yield.

Keywords: Spacing, Weed management, Yield, BRRI dhan56

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-06-2013

End Date: 00-10-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To observe the effect of spacing and weeding regimes on the yield and yield attributes of short duration transplant Aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan56)

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to October 2013. The experimental site belongs to the Sonatala series of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Agro-ecological Zone (AEZ-9) having non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soils . The experimental field was medium high land having sandy loam soil with pH 6.8. Soil of the experimental field was low in organic matter content (1.027%) and its general fertility level was also low (0.09% total N, 5.68 ppm available P, 49.12% exchangeable K and 82.8 ppm available S) with high temperature, high humidity and heavy precipitation with occasional gusty winds during April to September and scanty rainfall associated with moderately low temperature during October to March. Treatments were four spacings viz. 25 cm × 10 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm and 25 cm × 20 cm and five weeding regimes viz. no weeding, one hand weeding at 20 DAT, two hand weedings at 20 and 35 DAT, three hand weedings at 20, 35 and 50 DAT and herbicide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10WP. The following treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The size of each unit plot was 2.5 m × 2.0 m. Distance between replication to replication and between plot to plot was 1 m and 0.5 m, respectively. The drought tolerant and short duration Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan56 was used in this experiment. It was collected from the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. Seedlings were raised in the wet seedbed method. Before seedlings, seeds were soaked in the water for 24 hours. Then it were taken out of water, covered with wet gunny bags and kept for sprouting. The sprouted seeds were broadcast uniformly in a well prepared nursery bed on 30 June 2013. Seedling were ready for transplanting at 30 days after sowing when sixth or seventh leaves were formed. All weeds and stubble were removed from the land. The land was fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate as per BRRI recommendations. The entire amounts of triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied at final land preparation. Urea was applied as top dressing in three equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting. Thirty one days old seedlings were carefully uprooted from the nursery bed then transplanted at the well puddled plots @2 seedlings hill^-1 on 31 July 2013 maintaining spacing as per experimental treatments. The crop was harvested at full maturity and when 90% of the seed became golden yellow in color. Five hills (excluding border hills) and central 1 m² were selected randomly from each unit plot and uprooted before harvesting for recording number of effective tillers hill^-1, number of non-effective tillers hill^-1, panicle length (cm), grains panicle^-1 spikelets panicle^-1, sterility %, 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (t ha^-1), straw yield (t ha^-1), biological yield (t ha^-1), Harvest index (%). After sampling, a harvest area of central 1 m × 1 m was selected from each unit plot. The harvested crop of each plot was separately bundled, properly tagged and then brought to threshing floor. The grains were cleaned and sun dried to a moisture content of 14%. Finally grain and straw yields per plot were recorded and converted to t ha^-1. Data on individual plant parameters were recorded from five randomly selected hills of each plot and those on 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, harvest index were recorded from the whole plot at harvest. Data on weed population (m^-2) and weed dry weight (g m^-2) were recorded at 65 DAT by placing a one square meter plant counter randomly at three positions in each plot to record average plant population (m^-2). Then their dry weights were recorded by drying them in an electric oven at 70 ± 5⁰C temperature for 72 hours until constant weight was reached. The weed samples were weighed carefully using an electric balance. Collected data were analyzed statistically using MSTAT-C programme and the means were compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 9(3):1-9, (2014)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Proper spacing and weed management options play an important role in increasing yield of rice. Optimum spacing provides sufficient nutrients and moisture for proper growth and development of crop. On the other hand, proper weed management reduces weed infestation and maximum rice yield. Therefore, it may be concluded that 25 cm × 15 cm spacing with three hand weedings at 20, 35 and 50 DAT appeared as the best combination to obtain maximum grain yield of T. Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan56.

Knowledge Management: Journal